It is not possible to be a disciple of Jesus in the modern world Essay

It is non possible to be a disciple of the Nazarene in the modern originationI disagree with this statement, although I recognise that it is non al agencys easy to be a disciple I count it is possible for those who have faith.We are first called to discipleship at Baptism where the father of the squirt lights a passeldle from the Pascal can buoydle as a signal of his responsibility to enable his son/daughter to grow in practiced faith.I believe that faith makes e precisething possible, if we have faith in matinee idol and his pedagogics we can strive our hopes and dreams. If we have faith then living, as a true disciple is part of our way of disembodied spirit, we as Christians in todays instauration should try to live our lives as Jesus lived his. Without faith what meaning would life itself have for us, what would be the use in perusing life if it had no meaning to us. If we believe then we can reach goals and discipleship can bring joy and purpose to our lives we ca n achieve goals and tar enchants we set for ourselves.Nothing is unworkable to he who believesFaith in immortal is non always easy to maintain if we pick up a newspaper what headings do we usually debate? Usually something related to drugs, alcohol, kidnapping, and murder. What workout is this setting to children? While there parents are teaching them about how care we should be, and how we should heat our dwell as ourselves, these children look at the newspapers or change sur caseful the news and see people who have lost arms or legs as someone has shot them. What kind of archetype is this of loving your neighbour?What affect is this going to have on these children in the long terminal figure? They will grow up with the opinion that this is acceptable and everybody does it why should they be different to the rest?To be a true disciple we mustiness have immense faith in God, if we have faith nix is impossible. But there are umteen un gibelableies which disciples of J esus have to face when trying to carry out the work of God, one of the c pretermit to difficult to deal with is peer pressure. Many people, particularly the young people, feel unavailing to resist the pressures put upon them by their peers and therefore behave in a way which goes against the teaching of the gospel. there are many pressures maybe to smoke, drink, vandalize others property, tell lies, use foul language, and have a sexual blood beforehand marriage. If seemly pressure is put on these people it is very difficult to say no And therefore they are going against the teaching of Jesus not because they exigency to it is because they are not strong enough to resist temptation, and they are afraid others will treat them differently.Other pressures discern from the media we usually get a picture from the media of very anti-Christian values and standards. hold back magazines for example they tell stories of unmarried people having a sexual family or young people smoking a nd drinking, and this is all classed as pattern and acceptable in our world. They do not present the Christian way of life as world worthwhile and Cool or up to period.We also get a lot of anti-Christian standards from the television, films, and videos. These can have a very powerful influence on the lives of many people most soap operas and films present a non-Christian way of life. How often do you see a Christian family in a soap opera, and if there is Christian families do you ever notice that they always seem to be laughed at by the rest of the families as they are seen to be out of date and definetly not trendy.Television I believe influences many people, who is going to get up early on a Sunday morning to hold back the Christian services carried out in different chapels, while they could be watching Eastenders or a popular music show There are many ways television influences us they give us pictures of what is normal in our parliamentary law such as sex before marriage, abortions are acceptable, divorce is a fact of life, the only purpose in life is to search for pleasure, and violence is acceptable and part of everyday life.Media can make Christians feel confused and unsure of their own beliefsThe way of life presented by the media is often made to seem to a greater extent attractive, more enjoyable, easier, and more glamorous. However we as Christians should always remember that Jesus never promised that being a disciple would be easy, in fact we must recant ourselves take up our cross and follow him. We should make up our minds whether we want to be a disciple many people are inefficient or incapable to make such decisions in life because of addictions to alcohol, drugs, gambling, and resultant role abuse. Becoming addicted to any of these can make people lose all sense of reality of right and wrong, of what being a Christian really means. If a person is not in total control of their life then being a Christian is almost an impossible task.T he family is an super important unit and source of Christian discipleship in our society, it is at bottom the family that children first learn about the love of God, right and wrong and acceptable and unacceptable modes of behaviour. Parents are the first teachers of their children and the church relies on these parents to pass on the faith to their children by what they say and through and through their actions. There are many broken families in todays society and many children do not receive the Christian teaching and example, which they need, such as love and understanding and therefore grow up not using the example in their life. So to be a good disciple is extremely difficult but not impossible.In todays world there are many distractions and other Gods, which can lure us outdoor(a) from love of the one true God. Things such as money, possessions, wealth, search for pleasure, and success, laziness, indifference, friends, and Greed. These things all tempt us in many different ways, it is as if they are trying to make us forget our first antecedence which is God. The easier route in life is often to give into these temptations, to become confuse by worldly and materialistic values and to become neglectful to our Christian duties.If we consider all the pressures people today face we see that it is not always an easy task to follow Jesus through duncish and thin, but it is not an impossible one. When Jesus chose his first disciples he knew that it would not be easy for them, nor is it easy for us in the twentieth century. The world as we know it is becoming less and less accommodating to the Christian way of life and it is not going to get any easier, this is why we should never give up and our faith should see us through even the worse times in life. We should not become what society wants to become and is encouraging us to become we should not be lured away from God so we can fit in and act homogeneous people want us to. This is the challenge of Chris tian discipleship.

Dover Lights

Dover Lights Introduction 1) Have you ever so been sit at base of operations bored looking for something to do? Have you ever wanted to see some telegnostic activity that is close to home? 2) Good Morning my name is Micah Thomas 3) Some of you may f be the place a) Dover Lights b) I will tell you ab divulge i) The floor ii) About the darn iii) Encounters 4) I have even had a tally of personal experiences Body 1.History 1) Spanish Conquistadors buried gold in the Ozarks during the war a) The story behind the abstemiouss are the Conquistadors searching for the gold and silvery they lost b) Conquistadors are apprehension to have littered the Ozarks in search of the treasures c) compose reports in the 1800s of settlers finding deposits of silver d) Homesteaders found large deposits of silver seam ) Dover lights are something that has been around since the early 1800s e) thither are written documents from the 1800s from settlers f) However most locals opine the first of a ll real reports were in 1930 i) The Works Projects Administration scoured the hill bucolic for stories ii) Civilian Conservation Corps built the rock wall at the overlook where the lights are most often viewed g) In the 1990s MysteriousReality.Com affix the first film footage ever of the lights iii) Lights moving around bluffs and above the brook h) Around 2000 a camper called in emergency crews because he thought a vehicle had driven off one of the bluffs that rim the valley i) In March 2004 Ted Phillips of the Branson, Missouri from the Center for Physical Trace recite photographed what he described as intense and odd-colored lights ) In April 2009, a paranormal group filmed the lights iv) At the time of the filming the water levels were at record levels ruling out and hu mankind contamination 2. About the spot 1) Located roughly 17 miles outside of Dover Arkansas charge north on highway 7 a) Down a solitary stretch of dirt road b) Overlooking Big Piney Creek c) troika hu ndred overlooking the valley and creek d) No electricity e) No man made light f) National Forest 2) Things to do g) Camping h) Canoeing i) Hiking j) stunning Overlook k) Popular party/drinking spot 3.Encounters 1) Lantern floating in the air is what most people describe the light as a) The lights are the Spaniards lanterns they are using to search for the silver and gold i) If you yell out we have your treasure they will sometimes come out and chase up the hill side toward you b) 3 lights all three contrasting colors ii) Red light seen most often iii) Blue light iv) White light 2) Professional sightings c) Have been on several dissimilar TV shows v) Discoverys ghost hunters vi) Arkansas ghost and urban legends ii) Forgotten USA d) All have reported about the comparable thing viii) 3 lights floating/dancing/racing across the canyon ix)Some have done day time explorations and plead the valley is to thickset and steep for some human to be doing it e) Some professional and scient ist say that it could be gas being let off x) Used to tap sulfur out of the valley years ago xi) Some say the gas could make the glowing 3) Personal sightings f) I have been to the lights about 30 times xii) Seen them about 10 times g) Seen all three lights 5 times ) Seen just the red twice and seen just the washcloth twice i) Been legitimately scared about 30 times conclusion 1) You now know the a) History of the lights b) Where they are located c) And what some encounters are 2) No one has solid evidence on what this phenomenon really is d) but it is fun to go out and watch i) Weather you believe in ghost ii) Just want to go hang out and achieve away from town iii) Its always a fun and exciting menace e) And if you are feeling really brave go up to the meet and yell we have your treasure but get ready to gush like a little girl

Financial Sector Development Essay

ABSTRACTThis theme is an attempt to examine the blood amidst monetary information and income inequality. In doing so, we have used Bangladeshi selective information for the period 1985-2006. We have employed auto-regressive distributed lag (ARDL) methodology for cointegration. We have in addition carried out sensitivity analysis and stability tests. Our findings suggest that pecuniary ripening increases income inequality. Economic step-up seems to equalize income distribution. Inflation and trade wind openness as well as worsen income inequality. Finally, income inequality is being increased by social spending in the country over long run. This nurture provides new directions for policy makers to reduce income inequality to sh atomic number 18 the fruits of economic ontogenesis among the wider spectrum of the society. Keywords monetary vault of heaven, development, trade openness, income inequality, Bangladesh JEL Classifications D14, D33, F1INTRODUCTIONEconomic gro wth and its correlates have been the focus of a big(a) number of studies over the recent past. These studies primarily put emphasis on various aspects or sources of growth. One of the important correlates of economic growth that has been analyze prominently is the extent of pecuniary sector development. The positive and robust consanguinity amidst well-functioning pecuniary formation and economic growth is empirically a well established fact. Higher levels of financial development be significantly and robustly correlated with current and future evaluate of economic growth, forcible slap-up accumulation, and improvements in economic efficiency (see, Khan, 2000 Goldsmith, 1969 McKinnon, 1973 Roubini and Sala-i-Martin, 1992 King and Levine, 1993 Easterly, 1993 Pagano and Volpin, 2001 Beck, Levine and Loayza, 2000 Khan and Senhadji, 2000 Christopoulos and Tsionas, 2004 Iqbal, et al., 2006 Khan, Qayyum and Skiekh, 2005 and Shahbaz, 2009).It is argued that capital market impr ovements benefit the rich more(prenominal) than the poor and hence post to increase income inequality. The main reason is that rich individuals have more latent than the poor ones to exploit new opportunities. It is also believed that the access of the poor to argot book of factss may be impeded because of the high cost pertain therein, and, as such, financial development may be regressive for the poor, curiously at the initial stages of development (Greenwood and Jovanovic, 1990). The financial sector charges high draw up cost a substantiatest financial operate during early periods of development to gain advantages from the screening and risk pooling.This cost is beyond the affordability of the poor people. As they are not in a position to use their savings for this outlay which pushes them further below in the income inequality trap (Clarke et al., 2003 Dollar and Kraay, 2003 Beck, Demirguc-Kunt and Levine, 2004). Financial market imperfections such as financial asymmetri es, transaction cost, and contract enforcement costs may be especially binding for poor entrepreneurs who lack collateral, credit histories, and participations. These credit constraints will impede the flow of capital to poor individuals with high-return projects (Banerjee and Newman, 1993 Galor and Zeira, 1993), thereby reducing the efficiency of capital allocation and intensifying income distribution (Greenwood and Jovanovic, 1990 Banerjee and Newman, 1993 and, Aghion and Bolton, 1998).The birth between financial development and reductions in income inequality is not only when a correlation, but also a causal relationship. The positive relationship between private credit and economic growth for the poor strength be driven by higher(prenominal) demand for financial operate as the poor constitute a larger share in field income. Similarly, reduction in income inequality might lead to policy-making pressure to create a more efficient financial system that allocates the funds to the projects based on market criteria, not on political considerations.No particular discover has determined whether financial sector development benefits the whole universe of discourse, primarily benefits the rich, or disproportionately helps the poor (Honohan, 2004 Beck et al. 2004 Claessens and Perotti, 2007 and Bittencourt, 2006). But in the case of Pakistan, Shahbaz (2009) documents that financial development, improves agriculture and manufacturing sectors and investment activities improve the incomes of bottom 20% of the population. The rest variables such as economic growth, financial instability, increase in prices, and overall high income inequality lower the income share of the poor from national income.The issue on the nature of relationship between financial development and income inequality has been discussed in many studies using few control variables with handed-down estimation techniques such as Ordinary Least Squares (OLS). For instance, Dollar and Kraay, (2003 ) prime that more trade would lead to improve income distribution, whereas higher inflation, higher presidency consumption and financial development would lead to higher income inequality. The specification of Li and Zou, (2002) is similar to the one in Barro, (2000) with the level of the gini coefficient as a drug-addicted variable and control variables including inflation, financial development, government spending and openness.Their results suggest that higher inflation leads to lower income inequality, whereas higher government spending, an improved financial sector and better education abate it. Caldern and Serven, (2003) find that financial astuteness increases income inequality while better education decreases it. Finally, the findings of Lopez, (2004) are based on the estimation of a dynamic panel with fixed effects for the channelise in the gini coefficient. The results suggest that improvements in education and lower inflation rates reduces the levels of income inequa lity, while financial development, trade openness, and reduction in government size will be associated with an increase in income inequality.Lopez also finds that economic policies are likely to be pro-poor in the long-run (i.e., the growth effects spark the increase in inequality) but might also lead to a temporary short-run increase in income inequality in the absence seizure of compensatory measures. The effect of financial development is, however, not very large and is predominate by agricultural factors and other sectoral factors (Kakwani and Pernia, 2000 Khan and Senhadji, 2000 Christopoulos and Tsionas, 2004).With the development of a financial system, the capacity to bear the high costs of small credits (Rajan and Zingales 2003) increases. Moreover, the growth of a formal financial system makes poor people more accessible to informal credit that offers opportunities for profitable investments. Finally, in a textile of competitive markets of goods and production factors, credit may improve the well-being of the poor, horizontal if they do not directly receive the loans from financial institutions (Beck et al. 2004)1.. Finally, Ang (2008, 2009) scrutinizes the link between growth in financial sector and income distribution for the case of India. This paper indicates the important role of financial sector to decrease income disparity. It is documented that connection between financial development and income inequality exists and is significant.The results of this study show that financial development and increased banking density seem to improve income distribution by aerodynamic lift the income of the bottom 20 part or the poor segments of the population. This study again provides support for linear relationship between finance and inequality. in that respect is no space to validate Greenwood and Jovanovic (1990) hypothesis. Moreover, Ang (2009) probes an active link between financial liberalization and income disparity over the period of 1951 up to 2004 for the case of India. It may be noted on the basis of empirical indorse that financial reforms do not seem to provide any equal access to financial services and hence income discrimination has intensified in India.For the case of Brazil, Bittencourt (2006, 2009), has check up on the effects of financial development on income disparity for the periods of 1980s and 1990s. The study uses time series and panel info approaches to examine the said nexus. The econometrical bore indicates that financial development declines income inequality because easy access to financial services seems to increase income share of the bottom 20 percent of the population. Shahbaz (2009) also seems to analyze the clashing of financial development, financial instability on the income of poor segments of population with the battery of other control variables such as economic growth, inflation, agriculture, and manufacturing shares to gross domestic product for the case of a small emerging econo my like Pakistan.The evidence proves the validation of McKinnon Conduit Effect in Pakistan. But, financial instability weakens the beneficial impact financial development on income share of the bottom 20 percent of the population. The main reason is that financial crisis seems to increase credit constraints for poor individuals. Furthermore, developments in agriculture and manufacturing sectors enhance the welfare of poor people by raising their incomes. Finally, study conducted by Shahbaz, (2010) indicates that financial development is associated significantly with equal income distribution. The approximation of economic growth is linked with high income inequality. The trade openness worsens income distribution and this provides the support to accept the Leontief Paradox for Pakistan. The income inequality is positively correlated with financial instability.The main objective of this endeavour is to investigate the relationship between financial development and income inequality in an Autoregressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) framework for Bangladesh utilising data over the period of 1985-2006. This attempt is the first of its kind for Bangladesh.

The Effect of Temperature and Concentration on the Rate

Evaluation Like each(prenominal) experiment, there were a number of potential misunderstandings during the procedure of the experiment. Errors could necessitate arisen as a result of the uncertainties associated with the actors I utilise to take measurings, and excessively as a result of errors associated with the actual method. Of course, due to the limitations of the procedure, they could non be eliminated completely, so I will explain what I did to tighten them to an acceptable direct and how I could eat up improved my method to reduce them even stunned further. Equipment justificationThe hobby table shows the reasons for my choice of equipment in carrying out my method. Equipment Justification coke cm3 buret I requisite to accu orderly measure out large quantities of total heat hydrogen peroxide (90 cm3 and 150 cm3). The 100 cm3 burette is a precise instrument and would allow me to measure out the hydrogen peroxide by choice it fewer measure than I would need to with 50 cm3 burette. 50 cm3 burette I needful to repeatedly measure out small glitzs of solutions AI. The burette do the task convenient, and it is a precise instrument. 250 cm3 volumetricalal flaskful I needed to make up a specific volume of a standard solution. The volumetric flask has a low error. 100 cm3 volumetric flask I needed to make up a specific volume of a standard solution. The volumetric flask has a low error. Top pan counterweight I needed to accurately weigh out small tot ups of solid when fashioning up my solutions. 25 cm3 Mohr pipet I utilize the pipet to accurately transfer sulfuric acid when making up solutions. I could non do this with a volumetric pipette, as the volume I transferred was 20 cm3. Distilled pee I personad the distilled water to wash out any glassware and store jars before employ them to avoid contamination. Crushed ice I used the ice to cool my reactants bolt down to 10 C. Water bath I used the water bath to heat my reacta nts up to 30 C, 40 C and 50 C. It kept the temperature constantit does not cool down like hot water in a beaker. Thermometer I needed to measure the temperature of the reactants before move them into the beaker and stirring them. Magnetic stirrer I used the stirrer to ensure the response mixture was uniformly mixed.This was undeniable to produce sharp gloss deviates. Stopwatch I used the stop watch to record the time of the colour changes. These are the values I needed to investigate the effect of temperature and assiduousness on rate. Measurement errors These are the errors associated with the equipment I used when weighing out solids, measuring volumes of liquid, recording the temperature of my reactants, and recording the times of the colour changes. Equipment Error 100 cm3 burette 0. 2 cm3 50 cm3 burette 0. 1 cm3 250 cm3 volumetric flask 0. 3 cm3 00 cm3 volumetric flask 0. 2 cm3 25 cm3 Mohr pipette 0. 1 cm3 Top pan balance 0. 005 g Thermometer 0. 5 C Stopwatch 0. 005 s (for instrument), 0. 5 s (for measurements), 0. 05 s (for measurements at 50 C) The stopwatch could record to 2 d. p. but the times I recorded were affected by my reply time. Recording to 2 d. p. would be pointless, as I could not record that precisely. I heady to record the times to the nearest second, except for my results at 50 C, where I recorded them to 1 d. p. because of the short duration of time between the colour changes.Percentage uncertainties Using the measurement errors, I can work out the great deal uncertainties for my measurements. I can do this using the formula percentage hesitancy = error / value of measurement x 100% I made multiple measurements with many of the instruments I used. For these measurements, I will find the uncertainties for terzetto of the values (the highest, the lowest and one close to the average) to give an indication of how the disbelief changed across the range of measurements I made. Equipment Error Measurement Percentage scruple / % 100 cm3 burette 0. cm3 150 cm3 (I used the burette twice, so 0. 4 / 150 =) 0. 27 90 cm3 0. 22 50 cm3 burette 0. 1 cm3 10. 00 cm3 1. 0 5. 00 cm3 2. 0 1. 00 cm3 10 250 cm3 volumetric flask 0. 3 cm3 250 cm3 0. 12 100 cm3 volumetric flask 0. 2 cm3 100 cm3 0. 20 25 cm3 Mohr pipette 0. 1 cm3 20 cm3 0. 50 Top pan balance 0. 005 g 26. 75 g 0. 02 10. 7 g 0. 05 0. 85 g 0. 59 Thermometer 0. 5 C 50 C 1. 0 30 C 1. 7 10 C 5. 0 Stopwatch 0. 5 s 437 s 0. 11 95 s 0. 53 1 s 50 0. 05 s (at 50 C) 31. 8 s 0. 57 12. 9 s 0. 388 1. 5 s 3. 3 The percentage uncertainties vary wildly depending on the error of the instrument and the value of the measurement. The largest uncertainty (50%) came from the stopwatch when I used it to record a time of 1 s. However, this would not have affected my calculations to a great extent, as I precisely used the time to calculate the blue cycle for the first hertz. It would not have affected the value I calculated for the average oscillation perio d by a significant amount, and would not have observably affected the slues in my graphs.This applies to all uncertainties from the stopwatch. I could have recorded all my times to 1 d. p. to improve the accuracy of my calculations and d stabbing graphs that showed a trend closer to the true one. The second most significant uncertainty (10%) was for the burette when I used it to add 1 cm3 of solution to opposite ladder tubes in order to probe the effect of changing the niggardness of propanedioic acid, manganese(II) sulfate(VI) and sulfuric acid. This is a very significant error that could have definitely weaken the accuracy of my results.It might explain, for instance, the wildly varying number of oscillations I observe for runnels at 0. 01 M manganese(II) sulfate(VI), as well as the increased way of senseless results at lower soaking ups. Even the uncertainty for a measurement of 10 cm3 using the burette was 1%, which is significant. In order to reduce the instrumental error, I could have used a 1 cm3 pipette or syringe to measure very small volumes of solution. I could not have done much more(prenominal) to conveniently transfer large volumes of solution (i. e. p to 10 cm3) piece reducing the error, as even a 10 cm3 pipette has the same error as a 50 cm3 burette, and it would have been extremely time-consuming to transfer my solutions to test tubes using a 1 cm3 pipette. Still, a 1% uncertainty would not have dramatically affected my results. Another source of significant percentage uncertainties was the thermometerat every temperature the uncertainty was above 1%. At 10 C, it was 5%, which is particularly significant. This means that I could have started stirring the reactants at a temperature between 9. 5 C and 10. 5 C.However, there were no thermometers more precise than 0. 5 C, so there is not much I could have done to reduce this error. Anyway, looking back at my raw results, the times I recorded for tests at 10 C were not particularly di scordant in comparison with the results I obtained for the other temperatures. only other errors were below 1%, so were insignificant. I used the volumetric flasks castigately, using a Pasteur pipette to add the distilled water for the last cm below the graduation mark, checking the mark at eye level in order to make sure I stopped at the correct point.I took readings from the bottom of the meniscus at eye level when using the Mohr pipette and burettes to reduce parallax error. I had to round up the mass of manganese(II) sulfate(VI)-1-water I weighed on the top pan balance from 0. 845 g to 0. 85, so an 4 d. p. analytical balance would have been better for this, but I did not have access to one. Procedural errors These are the errors that could have arisen from the method and improper technique. When making up solutions, it is important to rinse out the glassware and other equipment with distilled water before use.This was particularly vital for the BR reaction, due to its high e sthesia to chloride ions. As mentioned in my method, I did wash out all equipment with slightly distilled water before putting them in contact with any reactants to minimize the risk of contamination. It would have been impossible to prevent a small amount of solution from being lost when transferring them. When transferring from a beaker through a funnel to volumetric flask, the small amount go away would have led to a lower final concentration indeed planned. I minimised this error by washing out the beaker with distilled water three times.When pouring solution from the test tubes into the reaction beaker, a small amount is also lost. However, the amount left would have little effect on the results because it is a systematic error, i. e. it is repeated every time the solution is poured. I always inverted the volumetric flasks when making up solutions in order to ensure homogeneity. Before pouring them into the burettes, I gave the storage bottles a swirl in case the consent of the solution had been affected during storage. This would prevent the trials from being tested at different concentrations, which would have compromised the accuracy of my results.In addition, I used a magnetic stirrer to make sure the consistency of the solution stayed even within the reaction beaker. This also meant that the colour changes were sharper. It was especially important that the blue colour change was sharp, as this is the value I used to calculate the oscillation period, and therefore, rate of reaction. However, because human reaction time is not perfect, there was always some delay between the colour change and the pressing of the stopwatch. This is why I could not record times accurate to 2 d. p.At higher temperatures, i. e. 40 C and 50 C, the water from the solutions in the test tubes evaporated a lot faster than at room temperature while being heated in water bath, which would have increased the concentrations of the reactants and overstated the effect of the temperature increase. I minimised this error by removing the test tubes from the water bath as soon as possible after the temperature of the reactants reached the appropriate level. beside time, I would seal the test tubes using stoppers to prevent any water vapour from escaping.Unfortunately, the reactants could not remain at their starting temperature while being stirred, as they had to be poured into a beaker and set on a magnetic stirrer. This means that during tests at 30 C, 40 C and 50 C, the reactants cooled down at 10 C, the reactants change up. This would have understated the effect of temperature on rate. There was a riddle with the hydrogen peroxide in the burette. Because it was stored in the fridge, it was cold when I took it out. As it warmed up, there were noticeable increases in the level of solution in the burette.Trials that were run near the start of the session may have used colder, more concentrated hydrogen peroxide, which would have affected the rate of rea ction. I only took the temperature of reactants when I tested the effect of temperature. In order to purport this problem next time, I would take out the hydrogen peroxide at the very start of the lesson and wait for it to warm up while setting up the other burettes, magnetic stirrer etc. and also take the temperature of the reactants when testing concentration to see if it might have had a secondary effect on the rate.The potassium iodate(V) was not soluble generous to make Solution F (potassium iodate(V), 0. 5 M). Although I did manage to in full dissolve it with the aid of heat, a small amount crystallised out of solution after it cooled down, which would have decreased the solutions concentration and affected the results I obtained for the tests where I changed the concentration of potassium iodate(V) and sulfuric acid. Next time, I would change the experiment and run the tests at lower concentrations. dependableness My results were quite reliable, as I ran the reaction thre e times at each temperature and concentration.The number of oscillations was usually the same at each temperature/concentration and the times were concordant to an acceptable degree. There were a few anomalous runs, which I mentioned in my analysis section, and gave a possible explanation for above. I could have repeated the experiment a further time when I got inconsistent results, e. g. 0. 01 M manganese(II) sulfate(VI), to increase reliability. Extending the investigation The observations I made around the colours during particular runs were solely soft.I could broaden the scope of my investigation by using colourimetry to obtain a quantitative measurement of the colour fervor when the reaction was especially faint or dark. I could then compare it to values from the standard reaction to reinforce my observations. I could also use the data logger to measure the times of the colour changes. I could then compare the results from this technique to those from the stopwatch and eva luate the advantages and disadvantages to both methods, and decide which one would be better at producing accurate results.Conclusion Overall, I am well-to-do that I have made valid conclusions about the effect of temperature and concentration on the rate of the BriggsRauscher reaction. Although I did not fully meet my steer of finding the order of reaction for every reactant, I did discover that the reaction was not typical in this sense, and that the orders of reaction could not easily be found. I did manage to justify parts of the mechanism through the qualitative observations I made.

The Good Earth’s Relationship Between Wang Lung and O-Lan

The relationship between O-lan and Wang Lung is stabilized by O-lans hard work and resourcefulness, based spaciously upon a cleaning ladys inferiority, and threatened by superficial tendencies. Their affiliation also ends ro publictic totallyy with the sacking of love and is regretted, in the end, with sufficient sympathy. O-lan proves to be beneficial th approximative pith of outdoor labor. In the afternoon she took a hoe and a hoop and these upon her shoulder she went to the main road leading into the city where mules and donkeys and horses carried burdens to and fro, and there she picked the goop from the animals and carried it home and piled the manure in the dooryard for fertilizer for the fields (Buck 29). O-lan also proves her kindliness by performing household chores, to much of Wang Lungs appreciation. And she took their ragged frock and with thread herself spun on a bamboo spindle from a wad of cotton wool she mended and contrived to cover the rents in their winter cl othes (Buck 29).Although this is true, Wang Lungs gratitude towards O-lan appears subjugate as he constantly hides his feelings for her in the beginning. The protagonist immediately becomes mortify by his affection for O-lan. And then he was ashamed of his own oddity and of his interest in her (Buck 30). Wang Lung subsequently attempts to dissuade these purposes. O-lans aid and value obviously weakens the tension between both(prenominal) spouses and creates a to a greater extent mutual, steadfast life at home. Arguments are rarely heard amongst the lips of either save or wife.This may be due to O-lans unusual quietness. solely she never talked, this woman, except for the brief necessities of life (Buck 30). This silence almost abruptly terminates all heated conversations. However, it also enhances her appearance as a buckle down and overall working image. But in the day her clothes, her plain muddy cotton coat and trousers, covered all that he knew, and she was like a fai thful, speechless serving maid, who is only a serving maid and vigor more (Buck 30). Women, in ancient cultures are, as shown in The Good Earth, thought to be of lesser value than that of men. She was, after all, only a woman (Buck 30). On numerous occasions, O-lan is treated as if she is a piece of piazza obtained by her new husband. It seemed that during these next months he did nonhing except expect this woman of his (Buck 28). Wang Lung acts this way due to the environment in which he grew from, where both elders and men reign, leaving women at the bottom of the totem pole. Wang Lungs uncle once questioned, view as you not heard it said that in the Sacred Edicts it is commanded that a man is never to correct an elder, (Buck 66).As the novel progresses, Wang Lungs thoughts of his wifes outside begin to surface as superficial tendencies emerge. He complains of her horrid tomentum cerebri and rough features. He saw for the first time that her hair was rough and brown and unoi led and that her face was large and flat coarse-skinned, and her features too large altogether and without any sort of beauty or light (Buck 179-180). These brute(a) comments are the first slap in the face of O-lan, as Wang Lungs manly instincts begin to kick in and he discovers beauty abroad. white lotus enters the layer when Wang Lung gives into the temptation of lust. He buys her, despite the fact that he is a conjoin man. Threatening the relationship between O-lan and Wang Lung, white lotus slowly tears the couple on apart even more than they were before. Earlier in the novel, during the raid of an blue bloods home, O-lan finds many valuable gems within the walls. Once money becomes a necessity, Wang Lung asks for the gems in order to grant them to the House of Hwang in return for extra land.O-lan is allowed to keep only two of her choosing and she quickly decides on two pearls And he was moved by something he did not understand and he pulled the jewels from his tit and unwrapped them and pawed them to her in silence, and she searched among the glittering colors, her hard brown hand turning over the stones delicately and lingeringly until she found the two insipid white pearls, and these she took, and tying up the others a fetch, she gave them back to him. (Buck 157-158) These white spheres represent more than just the upcoming twins. They also symbolize Wang Lungs love for O-lan, no matter how limited it may be.Once Wang Lung becomes completely entangled inside Lotuss web of desire, he demands that O-lan give him the pearls at once so he could, in turn, award them to his concubine. This simple act may be construed as Wang Lungs thievery of his affection for O-lan and Lotuss gain in the matter. As O-lan begins to die, she utters a phrase that entirely reveals all of her inward thoughts. Well I know I am ugly and cannot be loved, (Buck 277). These ideas show her lack in confidence that may reserve been even more destroyed with Wang Lungs brutal behavior and rocky words.Wang Lung, however, felt guilt beyond measure and wondered and grieved at himself most of all because what she said was true, and even when he took her hand, desiring truly that she feel his tenderness towards her, he was ashamed because he could feel no tenderness, no melting of the punk such as Lotus could win from him with a pout of her lips (Buck 277). This not only serves as evidence of Wang Lungs sympathy towards O-lan and his regret for everything that he induced. It also reiterates the fact that Wang Lung and O-lans relationship changed instantaneously as his feelings for Lotus blossomed.

Pro Hunting

The calls to ban the fare of hunting if enacted will sound a death knell to a athletic contest that since the 16th century has become an integral part of our culture. It is a culture that has oer time elicited interest in rail office yard of participants all over Britain. I believe this practice should be upheld not just for its cultural values scarcely similarly for its economic and jazzy importance.Taking a look at the history of pull some wizs leghunting I become to a greater extent convinced that this event should be upheld due to the satisfaction that it has been according to the participants. The history of fox hunting dates back to the 16th century, genuinely as a form of pest control and was carried out by English farmers. This was do by the farmers to protect their livestock, as foxes had become a real affright to their goats and chickens.In some places in England, fox hunting remains largely a form of pest control. Should this practice be allowed I would not fat hom how the opponents of fox hunting expect these farmers to safeguard their source of livelihood. I would not want to inspect the efforts of these farmers go into waste to satisfy the whims of some fewer animal rights crusaders. These foxes pose a threat not muchover to the gentlemans gentleman save also to domesticated animals that are more productive and subscribe received months of tending and feeding. I dont see whatever other way that these foxes can be eliminated and the threat they pose to gentleman be reduced significantly. A look at their eating habits leaves me with a lot of disdain for foxes. Foxes can kill a whole halo of chickens objet dart in the real sense it has an appetite of only one. This leads to wastage and should not be condoned hunting them down remains the most effective way of reducing these incidences( Dagmar Orendi, February 2004.I support fox hunting in the belief that in the long run it plays a great procedure in bionomic balancing. A cross epitome of the foxes in their natural habitats indicate that they abide no real predators in the wilderness. Their existence if unchecked can promptly increase to an unmanageable level. Man is their only real threat and is the only entity that ensures that only the best survives. I agree with the argument that has been passed on over time that fox hunting apart form controlling the population ensures the culling of the least desirable ones. In hunting only the weak knuckle under to the humankinds fury.The noticeable and the fast get to survive and see another down. Hence the hunting and killing of foxes should not be demonized or be viewed as an activity that seeks to fulfill the humans sadistic tendencies. I am convinced that this activity plays a great role in the ecology more than we can fathom. In the wilderness it is choice for the fittest and hunting isolates the weak from the affectionate ensuring only the strong breed survives.I am a great lover of sports, not only for the role that it plays in bringing individuals of varied and diversified social upbringing together simply for the physical fitness that it instills in those that engage in it. Disregarding its original role and intentions, fox hunting is a sport that continues to create an effective gathering for interactions and give individuals a chance to excise their limbs and minds. This is a sport that has evolved from far but still tends to maintain some of the traditional trends. In hunting the foxes, the hunters may opt to do so on foot, on horsebacks, on bicycles or using four wheels drive vehicles.Regardless of the means used, it is a perfect opportunity for the hunters to engage in outdoor activities and enjoy their gambol in the rough terrain. I would feel sad to see this kind of an activity banned and the joy of spectating and engaging in the sport diminished. watch wad foxhunt on the screen or hearing the tales of these expeditions gives me thrills and a yearning to partic ipate in them too. By banning these practices, the authority seeks to track us the fire and adventure that comes with these sports either when you hear from third parties or when you have physically participated in the fete.Fox hunting is an economic venture in that it not only seeks to reduce livestock losses but also increase the snatch of jobs created. It is an economic activity that is relied upon by significant number of people. I shudder at the thought of these individuals losing their jobs over what the opponents call harshness to animals.I dont understand their argument when they purport to advocate for animals, while at the same time failing to put into consideration the number of households and livelihoods that rely on fox hunting, either as a guide source of employment or due to reduced loss of their livestock. I have looked at a recent study that was seeking to gear up the number of individuals that depend on fox hunting as a source of employment in the United Kin gdom. The findings were interesting. Over 7,000 people full rely on fox hunting for their living. I see no reason why we should legislate against fox hunting and put into luck the lives of several thousands over arguments that do not hold any water.Although I have an unshakeable believe that fox hunting should not be nix, I cannot fail to look at some of the arguments brought forth by the opponents of fox hunting. Animal rights activists are convinced that fox hunting should be outlawed fully and perpetrators thrown behind bars or fined. They cite a few reasons that also may be put into consideration but do not warrant outlawing the event. They claim that fox hunting is rude considering the fact that the foxes end up being shredded into parts by the hunting dog. It is a very distressing affair to the foxes as they afford a lot of suffering. They argue that fox hunting is cruel as the foxes do not die instantly but have to permit a lot of pain.I dont find this argument strong in any way and deserving any form of attention. In the first place, foxes are hunted not primarily for sport and excitement but to reduce the threat facing the livestock. To the animal rights activists, it looks that the quality of human life and their source of livelihood is not important, what is important is that the foxes should not undergo suffering even when the strike at the livestock.A cost benefit analysis of fox hunting reveals that it has more social and economic benefits than losses. In my opinion, I find that fox hunting is a venture that seeks to kill more than two birds with a single stone. Economically, the practice is beneficial to the society as it is a natural way for pest control. Socially, it provides us with an important forum whereby people in the society can interact and get to persona out their experiences. The interaction play a great role in ensuring unity and cohesion and in one more way than one ensures stability in the community. As a sport, it is a prac tice that gives people an opportunity to engage in physical outdoor sporting A sport that not only puts their physique in to test but also their minds. I strongly believe that these and more are strong reasons why fox hunting should not be outlawed.BibliographyDagmar Orendi, February 2004. The debate roughly fox hunting. A social and political analysis. Retrieved on 13/10/07 from http//.www.hu-berlin.de/gbz/downloads/pdf/pagmarorendi-masterthesisPolitics.co.uk 2007.Hunting with dogs. Politics unspun. Retrieved in 13/10/07 from http//www.politics.co.uk/issue-briefs/domestic-policy/animal-welfare/huntingBadger, R.J Fox Hunting in Scotland. interrogation Note RN99-17, Scottish parliament Information Centre, EdinburghMacmillan, D.C 1999. The Economic impaction of a Ban on Fox Hunting in Scotland. Research Paper 99/3, Environmental and Rural Resource Economics Group, University of Aberdeen.

The Eight Miracle Signs in John

The Eight Miracle Signs in bath savior work outed eight particular miracles in the Gospel of John that revealed His deity. These miracles are unique to study because they whole facilitate towards showing us that rescuer is Divine. They also show different aspects of rescuer divinity. Seemingly these miracles were purposeful in their intent towards showing those present with deliverer, and millions that feel followed, aspects of deliverer world-beater and mission. These miracles serve as a witness to each of us of the Nazarene authority. They also offer comfort when we reflect on the fact that nature, spirit and life all are in His go steady and hand. delivery boy turned the water into wine in John 21-11. This was the starting time visible valet de chambreifestation of god in Christ. It is interesting that it happened at a wedding. deliveryman shows that life with Him happens in our normal day to day activities. It was non performed in a temple or tabernacle, alone rather among friends. It was bloody shame the mother of the Nazarene who encouraged the miracle to happen. This might show us that God uses our relationships to pull reveal of us the treasures God puts in us. This miracle shows us that delivery boy has power everyplace creation. He takes water and makes it wine. It obeys Him.The water itself is under the authority of Christ. One can non help but reflect in the fact that Jesus was present in creation. 1 This miracle is reminiscent of the creation story. In the beginning God moved oer the deep. He created come to the fore of water. Jesus now initiates His ministry with a miracle with water. The second sign miracle was the ameliorate of the noblemans intelligence in John 446-54. A man came and called out to Jesus while He was in Cana of Galilee. The man had a son that was sick. This man obviously loved His son. The nobleman asked Jesus to speak a word of improve.The nobleman had enough faith that he felt bid a visit was unn ecessary. This miracle proved Christs authority all over space. Space did non limit Jesus. He has all power in heaven and earth. As it was on that day, it is now. Christ reaches anywhere. The third sign miracle concerns the healing of a faint man in John 51-9. The cardinalsquare man had been unable to pursue healing or help for years. Jesus came by on the Sabbath and asked if the man wanted to made whole. Jesus consequently told the man to rise and pick his bed up and walk. Under the healing authority of Jesus, the man did.The religious people were furious. The Sabbath had been violated by this lame man picking up his bed This miracle might represent Jesus divine authority in a few way. Maybe it hints that Jesus is primary over religion and tradition. It definitely shows that Jesus has power over time. Christ knows when and what to do. God knows when to move. The fourth sign in the feeding of the five-thousand in John 61-14. A massive group traveled to intoxicate Jesus speak. They walked just to hear Him. The problem is that there was no viands for all of these people.The disciple Andrew found a young boys lunch and brought it to Jesus. Jesus blessed it and broke it and started to pass it out. Everyone ate. There were up to now leftovers. This miracle shows that Jesus has power to provide. Even in the food arena. Dr. Towns mentions that it shows that God uses what we break down Him and does His work to provide. 2 God has all power and He can provide anything we need. This miracle speaks deeper to the events to come when Christ will be blessed, broken and because passed out to feed the souls of men. The fifth sign comes when Jesus walks on the water in John 615-21.There had been a wonderful day of miracles and words from Jesus, but now it is night and Christ has told His disciples to go to the other side of the lake by boat. Huge winds and waves came against the boat in the middle of the night. Jesus, however was walking on the water when the discipl es spotted Him. Jesus calmed everything and took them immediately to the other side. This miracle shows Gods power of natural laws. The winds and storms obey His voice. The water held Jesus like a sidewalk holds us. All because He has all power. He also caused the spotless ship to be transported to the other side.Jesus has all power over natural laws. The sixth miracle sign is the healing of the concealment man in John 91-12. Jesus and the disciples were walking and passed a blind man. This man, the writer tells us, was blind from birth. In fact, there is some perplexing on behalf of the disciples on wether this is the mans fault or his parents due to sin. Jesus makes clay and tells the man to wash his eye and the man is healed. This miracle shows Gods power over physical laws. Jesus has all power over physical laws. He heals the blind mans old eyeball much like He made the first mans eyes.Adam was made from the dust and now Christ makes this mans eyes new by using dust, spit an d authority with power. It shows Christs power then and now. The seventh sign miracle was Lazarus being raised from the at peace(predicate) in John 111-44. Lazarus was a friend and had been dead for four days. Jesus seemed to purposefully wait until the time of Lazarus demise and burial. Many of Jesus friends are there. Mary and Martha give birth partial faith. One believes Jesus could have changed it if He had arrived earlier, and the other believes Jesus can perform it at the Resurrection.Jesus, however, shows that He has power now. All things are under His control. He shows them that He is able, presently, to perform what they wish He could have done in the past and fancy He can do in the future. This miracle shows the power of Christ over death. He has power over death itself and the grave. This sign shows that Jesus has the power to give life as a gift. 3 The eighth sign miracle was the painful catch of fish in John 211-11. After Jesus resurrection He visited the shore whi le the disciples were fishing. They had been having trouble all night and had not been able to catch anything.Jesus advised the disciples to try the other side of the boat. The head was a miraculous catch of fish. This miracle showed complete power. It showed that all of the other miracles were finish and found in Jesus. This miracle showed that He was over all things. This is also the miracle that follows the resurrection of Jesus. This miracle was proof, then and now, that Jesus had risen with full power. He shows power over death and nature. He is truly the Son of God. All of these show that Christ has all power. He holds all things and all things are for Him.Jesus deity is proven by the resurrection, but these sign miracles reveal different aspects of His deity. Because of this He can discover with us and provide for us. When we trust in Him it is not our life but His life through us. 4 These precious truths and stories bolster our faith in Christ. Jesus has power over creati on. We serve a God that calms storms with His voice. Sicknesses and diseases listen to His will. quantify can not change Him or stop Him. Jesus is not limited by space. He can provide anything we need. And the final confrontation death was overcome by our Savior. All things are His and we are in His hand.Bibliography John 13 Towns, Elmer. The Gospel of John deal and Live. (Ed. Mel and Ed Hindson Couch. Chattanooga AMG Publishers), 2002. Morris, Leon. Jesus is the Christ. (Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company Grand Rapids, 1989). 40 Towns, Elmer. holiness for Today. (Cengage Learning 2008). 244 &8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212 1 John 13 2 Towns, Elmer. The Gospel of John Believe and Live. (Ed. Mel and Ed Hindson Couch. Chattanooga AMG Publishers), 2002. 3 Morris, Leon. Jesus is the Christ. (Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company Grand Rapids, 1989). 40 4 Towns, Elmer. Theology for Today. (Cengage Learning 2008). 244

Eradication of poverty Essay

The International Day for the Eradication of meagreness is storied every year on October 17 throughout the world. It was officially prize by the United Nations . It is to honour the victims of poverty, hunger, violence and fear. One of the main aims of the day is to make the voice of the poor heard and Raising awareness of the motive to eradicate poverty. mendicancy is the state of wholeness who lacks a certain nitty-gritty of worldly possessions or cash. That is, they lose little or no material means of survivinglittle or no food, shelter, clothes, healthcare, education, and other sensible means of living and improving ones life Poverty reduction is a major goal and issue for many multinational organizations such as the United Nations and the World Bank. The World Bank estimated 1.29 zillion people were living in absolute poverty in 2008. Of these, roughly 400 million people in absolute poverty lived in India and 173 million people in China.Poverty has been a serious b other over centuries. Every year, there are millions of people at the essay of hunger. we have to fight corruption. This is one of the great sources of poverty. A country with a lot of corruption pass on grow slower than others, and eventually, the economic activities will decline.The principal cause of why poverty exists is because of this simple fact. The Earth, on an environmental and economic standpoint, cannot satisfy every single human beings wish, desire and demand when it comes to the consumption of goods and services because of scarce natural resources. This uncut reality will always be present within an economically driven society given the exploitation of natural resources and the constant following of economic growth. the problem lies in the distribution of this consumption where extremely a few(prenominal) people consume almost 70% to 80% of these resources while salient numbers of people consume just under 20% of the equivalent resources.poverty results in the l ack of resources. poor students do not have the opportunity to breeding in good schools, get good coaching, study good books. poverty also leads to crime. when one is unable to earn money from fair mean, they turn to become thieves, robbers, pockpocketers, even terrorist..poverty also leads to overpopulation which is itself one of the big challenges faced by us. people think that by having to a greater extent children, they will have more earning hands. thus, leading to increased population of the country. to bound all things in order, it is necessary to remove poverty.(ERADICATION OF POVERTY)In order to keep back poverty, the causes that create poverty itself have to be recognized and fixed.1.overpopulation2.distribution of resources3.lack of education 4.economic trends robust becoming richer and poor becoming poorer.ment 5.corruption6.unemploymentHowever, the essence in the prevention of poverty lies in the fixing of causes and not in the fixing of factors that create poverty .Poverty cannot be removed overnight. it is a long job. it can be wiped standard by step. Educational facilities should be provided to all the poor families so that their expected value/ way of seeing things is broadened. the exploitation of poor should be stopped. the programs/money issued by the government should be provided to the poor in full.Then and then barely can poverty be removed.

What’s Cause of Poverty in Africa?

Introduction Poverty is a state of not having enough specie to take care of basic needs such as food, clothes and shelter (Audu). In another word, people do not be in possession of sufficient income to purchase enough food. Africa is a untainted known for its difficult history and rich culture but also know as a continent battling against poorness and disease (Audu). Poverty in Africa has been acclivitous for the last quarter century while it has been falling in the easement of the developing world.Poverty doesnt result from just one or cardinal causes. The problem entrenched poverty is extremely difficult to solve because of divers(prenominal) factors and all interacting with one another. Three main sections cause poverty in Africa are economic, political and external. Body Economic Employment is the main highroad out of poverty for poor people in an undeveloped country. The governance does in truth little to create more jobs for Afri derriere nations even with students that graduates from college flockt find work.With the unemployment rate increase, a lot of Africans have morose into armed robbers, blood money rituals, and secret cults organization, migrating outside Africa and turning into prostitution in order to survive. Therefore, the economic productivity is depleted but poverty rate is high. When leave behinders are not accountable to those they serve thus there is a sign of corruption. Corruption both in disposal and business place heavy cost on society because it plays a major cause and a result of poverty. Its because poverty can be fought in the presence of strong institution, and equitable distribution of resources (Collier).However, programs that knowing to fight poverty in Africa are not fully use because the funds end up in the hands of corrupt individuals, who easy lay the majority (Bartle). This emphasizes poor governance because those in authority have failed to stop the corrupt. Therefore, it requires a non-corrupt gov ernment to turn public income into human development outcomes and alter of business confidence, economic and social. Political Social inequality starts from cultural ideas active the relative worth of divergent genders, races, ethnic groups and social classes (Bartle).According to Jeff Stats, in African history, apartheid laws defined a binary caste system that assigned different rights and social spaces to different races, using skin color to determine the opportunities forthcoming to individuals in each group. Base on this law its very inequality for people in Africa because people who are in low class will never able to change their level since they dresst have the opportunity and options to change it. External With constant struggle and conflict in Africa makes it very difficult to farm, to work for living or earn money.Its hard to start ordinary life because numerous men are forces to flee from their homes to fight for the war. This will make the continents productivity goes down and poverty rates go up. another(prenominal) factor that cause poverty in Africa is diseases such as malaria, HIV, and TB. When a member in a household is affected by every of those diseases there is very little resources are spent on treating the sick. This lead to people who are left behind with no resources to support themselves and the smear is worsened by poor health facilities.

Family Essay Essay

Bridge to Wisemans Cove Freedom Essay by C e very(prenominal)um Powell 8A The vocabulary to set himself fall by the commissionside is used a lot throughout a bridge to Wisemans cove, whether it is to do with family issues or provided common mundane tasks. Carl is constantly trying to let himself dethaw and sometimes succeeds and former(a) times doesnt. Some examples are that if hell see his mother or every sojourn looking afterward his little brother Harley. oddment-to-end A bridge Wisemans cove he goes through a mental travel facing evil family member (usually Beryl) and friends.An example of setting himself free is at the end of the newfangled where throughout the disc where he has been looking after Harley, feeding him, caring for him and most importantly keeping him out of trouble. such as when Harley is caught stealing from the local store, by the time he gets vertebral column to Aunt Beryls house she lashes out and threatens to kick Harley out but Carl interven es and give Beryl some of the money that Sarah gave him earlier on in the phonograph recording so that she can be kind to Harley. So by the end of the book when Harley moves in with the Duncans.Carl feels a come across of relief and license, because he no longer has the responsibility for Harley and he no longer has to worry almost him. When Beryl chains Harley up, Carl finds the courage to confront her at the bowls club where she has been all day playing the pokies. If youd stayed with him, kept an eye on him, if you cared nearly him, he wouldnt get into trouble. This is another part of the book where Carl sets himself free he finally sets free how much he despises aunt Beryl, she has been inculpate and cruel to them and trying to find whatsoever reason to kick them out.So this is when Carl sets free how he feels and puts his foot down. Another example of setting himself free is also at the end of the book when Carl finds out that whilst on her way home from her holiday Ke rry died in a bus crash. Carl Matt opened up too, letting go and feeling a freedom outflow into him he k parvenue at last that he was alive to feel it (page 241) this min was probably one of the biggest revelations for Carl as he finally felt the sense of freedom as he was al ways wondering when his mum would relent or if she would return.So when he finally finds out that his mother had died of of course he felt sad and depressed but at the equal time he felt closure and freedom as he didnt charter to worry about her or didnt take a crap to always be thinking of if she will come and pick him up. This is a very important part of the novel as the premise of the book is based on family and love but Carl and Harley dont nonplus either all they have is each other so when they find out their mum is dead it hits them hard but also sets them free. star last example of letting himself free is whilst Carl is work at Skips barge. Because running(a) on the barge helps Carl get away from all his troubles and more importantly the masses that dont accept him such as Beryl. Whilst running(a) on the barge Carl finds the freedom to try a lot of new things. You love that barge, dont you, Carl? Youre the best thing that could have happened. Finally people were starting to notice Carl, then he had the freedom to show himself.Throughout the book he was shown as a very shy, lonely and awkward kid who didnt fuck many people and didnt really talk or try to communicate with them. Carl share inthe freedom of the bird itself. Elation, freedom. He felt them both (page 158) in some sense Carl wished that he was the bird so that he could go away from all of his problems ad just leave them all behind. Although Carl keeps works at the barge by the end of the book he cool off senses a feel of freedom being away from everyone and having somewhere just to relax and forget all of your troubles.To conclude Carl found many ways to find freedom whether it was mental or emotional f reedom. The ways he exampled freedom in the text were standing up to Aunt Beryl for Harleys sack, working at the local barge and finally he having the freedom to stop worrying about is mother as he didnt know she died on her way back home. So by the end of the novel Carl found the freedom for a lot of things and didnt regret any of the decisions he made.

The Acquisition Team

The Acquisition Team is an in shaping-based organization that is composed of more than specialists than in the traditional command-and-control organization. Members of an acquisition group consist of multi-organizational as intumesce as cross-functional, i. e. bugger offors, suppliers, acquisition professionals (Engelbeck, 2002). The focus of this paper is to present the educatees selection of a business opportunity offered by the Department of Energy and found at http//www. fbo. org/. This student leave alone analyse the circuit board and then reverse place the take note to create the ideal agencys acquisition team that could have prep atomic number 18d this solicitation.This student give as well as cite and t exclusivelyy the FAR provisions for the formation of the acquisition team, describe the nature and specifications of the couch, appoint every atomic number 18a of expertise needed on the acquisition team, use the Bodies of Knowledge diagram in Engelbeck, Chapte r 2, as a basis, and justify the affaire of each team instalment by describing his or her specific ploughshare to the solicitation/ request for proposal and later steps of the procurement surgical operation.Finally, the student allow describe the steps to follow and attend that the solicitation notice is drop off, clear, and accurate before submitting it for posting on the FedBizOpps. gov Website. FAR Provisions for the formation of the acquisition team. The dissemination of Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) in 1984 replicated the Congress blueprint to create a structure that was uniform for Executive Branch federal official contract. Prior to the introduction of the FAR, civilian agencies and the defence services had different and ego owned set of regulations.The FAR is codified at Title 48 of the Code of Federal Regulations. It consists of regulations and rules as articulated by the United States federal government that governs the procurement processes for the gover nment. The FAR contains the standardized procedures and policies for acquisitions by whatsoever and all federal government agencies. After the circulation of the FAR, the standardization goal was destabilized by the versatile agency-specific supplements (Vacketta, 1999).The FAR enforces the implementation of nearly every decision-making plan associate to procurement. It is also within the FAR mandate to accomplish every stage of the process of acquisition. FAR 1. 102 (d) stipulates that The function of every member of the Acquisition Team is to underwrite the exercise of individual initiative and effective business decision succession providing the best value product and service that meet the needs of the customers (Acquipedia, 2012). It however explains the scope and procedure of the acquisition team.This consists of the federal government team members accountable for consolidation tasks constraint and contracting negotiations including the requiring activity, the paying ag ent team, the contracting incumbent, financial management and others. Summary of the FAR Provisions for Acquisition Team luck Supply of te put Detector Summary of probability Opportunity is typically defined as the occasion and time that present friendly circumstance to attain precise goals. The details of opportunity place on http//www. fbo. org/ are as presented below a.Opportunity title / project arrangement Supply of Silicon Drift Detector b. Solicitation Number RC238923 c. billet Department of Energy d. Office Brookhaven internal Laboratory (DOE Contractor) e. Office Location Brookhaven f. uniform resource locator https//www. fbo. gov/? s=opportunity&type Amode=form&id=a95ff19f0cbf7a7448fbd5503527130b&tab=core&_cview=0 Nature and Specifications of the Project This is a short-term project in which a federal government dust requires the supply of Silicon Drift Detectors. The Contractor is ask to deliver 1 Silicon Drift Detector to the US Department of Energy. The project requires mulish pricing terms. The Silicon Drift Detector should be delivered within one hundred eighty days upon the signing of the contract at the Department of Energy office, Brookhaven theme Laboratory, Brookhaven. The timings are required to be identified by the COR Feb 01, 2013 1159 pm Eastern Provision 333 &8212 Machinery Manufacturing/333999 &8212 All Other Miscellaneous universal Purpose Machinery Manufacturing, many others as stipulated in AMS Form 010, rev. 5, should be considered for the full process involved in the solicitation and acquisition.Technical specifications of the Hitachi Vortex Silicon Drift Detectors are that it essential have a cylindrical Snout. The duration of the snout should be 638 millimetres. The detector essential be Ultra mellow Vacuum compatible with active detection area of not little than 500mm2. The unit must be usable indoor/outdoor with 12. 5 ?m window. The detector must operate with power supplies operating at 220-240 vo lts. Area of Expertise Required The bodies of knowledge, for this project consists of contracting, finance, engineering, logistics, legal, test and military rating and cost estimates as identified by Engelbeck (2002).The areas of expertise are as outlined below Contracting expertise provide be required since it will facilitate the selection process of a contractor or vendor of Silicon Drift Detectors. The expertise includes communication skills that will rear the process of dealing with the customer and the supplier. This will help develop swan among the acquisition team. The drafting of the contract will become easy recounting to the project priorities. Risk allocation will be easily identified in managing beforehand to coiffe the deal successful.Financial expertise will be required for the project in establishing the financing terms and budgets think to the project. This expertise will facilitate the valuation of the project for the valuable set to be considered for solicit ation. Engineering expertise will be required since it will facilitate the classification of technical stipulations required for the project at hand. References for at least three successfully-manufactured, assembled, tested and delivered single-element detectors with similar complexities as the quoted product must be provided.Logistics is a central part of the project since it specifies the items and timings for the project delivery. It will also facilitate the control of the inventory and related costs to be effective in controlling extra costs. Any project at a lower place FAR should be incorporated to the law governing the situation accordingly Legal considerations will be critical as the terms and conditions must be aligned to FAR. Test and evaluation are as all important(predicate) as any other consideration because failure to create standards for the project will consider it impossible to create effectiveness in the project. valuation is important to be considered as it w ill facilitate the future human body of actions. Cost estimates are critical as they present the bottom-line of project. All the financials related to this project are based on cost estimates. The cost estimates are an underlying factor to the evaluation of the quality standards. Involvement of Team Members Contemporary, the integration of team members is fundamental to acquire the quoted product with the required specifications to effectively complete the processes and projects on time. The contribution of each member in the team will create synergy.Their presence during the project will act as a positive energy for team success. The involvement of each team member is based on their area of expertise The end user is the unambiguous team member. In this case, the end user is the staff at the Brookhaven National Laboratory. The staffs represent the Department of Energy which offers valuable resource for the Silicon Drift Detectors being procured. The Program Manager will make sure that the result agreement meets the long- and short-range requirements of the projects mission and that the design plead the intended results.The contracting officers will make sure that all contract activities comply with relevant laws, regulations, executive orders, and other applicable measures including approvals and clearances. Financial managers will ensure the provision of information needed by the team to make decisions on the amount of money available. The legal counsel will ensure continuous provision of guidance related to legal compliance and interpreting of regulations and laws. All team members will provide necessary and continuous book throughout the project lifecycle.Steps for Solicitation Completion There are a number of steps that will be applied to make sure that the solicitation notice is clear, complete, and accurate prior to submission for posting on the FedBizOpps. gov Website. Prior to lastization of the draft solicitation, the officer in lade of contrac ting may issue a draft solicitation to view as questions and comments from a group of potential (but not eligible) candidates before releasing the final solicitation. This will help to better refine the solicitation and clarify any vagueness.Posting the draft solicitation will allow exchange with constancy in the form of questions, suggestions, corrections and comments that can improve the final solicitation. The contracting officer will also make a request for a review of the draft solicitation by the counsel and project officer in harmony with procedures prior to release. Upon review, the contracting officers should then seek and have the concluding approval from the agency leadership (Gouder, 2007).

Amazon in E-Commerce

Question 1 How has Amazon.com and their use of meshing changed the retail industry? Give examples.Answer 1Amazon.com has revolutionized the exchange and purchasing of e very last(predicate) products everywhere the internet. It started with selling books over the internet and progressed in selling some all consumer goods within a short span of time. Its engineering and feel principals coiffure incontestable that all the sundry(a) standard compliances are met and warrant for improving the system behavior for its customers.Customers stupefy now drawd from the brick and mortars vex, a traditional case for purchase of products, to the click and mortars model for ease of access, anytime anyplace access, take part in auctions and avail several promotion offers and gifts. The very perspective towards retail buying has been changed by Amazon.com. The virtual(prenominal) store opinion is quite likely followed by many retailers after the success of Amazon.com and they have cre ated a benchmark for its products and selling models define the very success over the extensive period since its inception.Question 2 Comparisons have been do by giant bookstore retailer Barnes & Nobles and Amazon.com. Barnes and Noble operate scores of bookstores in many local communities. Yet Amazon.coms reach goes anywhere and everywhere with the Web. What, in your opinion, should Barnes and Nobles do to compete with Amazon.com?Answer 2Barnes and Nobles essential identify the very future requirements for its physical bookstores and come up with click and mortars model for fetching the right customer focus and model. Identifying the competition or so and the changing outlook of the customers towards termination making for purchasing products is the greatest differentiator for change. The decision making for taking the fear of Barnes & Nobles over the internet would make sure that all the discordant present disadvantages would be capitalized upon.The bulls eye mark of Barnes & Nobles makes sure that every activity towards the envelopment of skyrocketing technologies would break out into a mammoth in promoting its success and growth. Only setting up the website is not enough. The representation model, sound engineering techniques, fictional character standards and affiliation techniques makes sure that its representation over the internet is strong and makes a presence rattling promising.Question 3 In order to more quickly visit and sustain its profitability should Amazon.com have remained a solely clicks based e-business (without warehouses) selling only books? Why or why not?Answer 3Amazons decision to cater to several products would definitely move its primary base of selling books to new(prenominal) products. This is a sort of erosion of its primary shuffling which it created for selling books. The very brand creation and sustenance for selling books online had created a larger market share for book selling. The various bookstor es at that time were in greater risk concerning their sales as Amazon grew in its market share for selling books. It was a brand which no one could deny. Its decision towards clicks business for selling other products over books makes sure that monopoly was broken to some extent and other small to mass medium sellers in the market found opportunity to make some business.These created a balanced view for existence in the grocery store allowing every property of sellers and customers to interact for good. Another reason for making the right move is for long term business continuity and spreading its wing to several other products which did not make it to the internet in that era. Amazons decision to be clicks based business must be changed into clicks and mortars business model for improving its supply chain by making it efficient and sound.The effective supply chain would cut down extra costs of expatriation and shipping and would in turn create trust for its safety and quality p olicies. Warehouses would make sure that timely delivery of products can be made at lesser costs, which otherwise would create a sense of be amiss and evolve privacy and security aspects to a larger scale.Question 4 How can Amazon.com complete Bezoss vision? What do they need to do to individualize their services to 25 million customers?Answer 4Amazon.com must fetch the customers according to their tastes and product liking. The following can be the various options that can be exercisedProvide a survey with questionnaires of what is important, how it can be best(p)ed, what else is desired and so on. The survey questions would serve quite helpful in fetching the right suggestion from its customers to in turn get them everything they desire.The sufferance of B2B and C2C model where various sellers and buyers can view for selling the products of their choice. This would help users to create according to their preferences so that more number of customers is fetched for purpose.The customer logs must be duly analyzed for fetching the right decision and data tap approaches to the vast data can be devised for getting the facts out for better customization of products and services.Request boxes and techniques must be presented so that in case a customer fails to find exactly what he desires, he can make a request for the new product. This would help to fetch the needs in micro detail for better capturing of the customer base.The above approaches would enhance Bezoss vision to cater to individual needs and demands.Amazon is a virtual reseller, one of the main new intermediaries (Sarkar, 1996.) They are an electronic-commerce only intermediary business and customer relationship management (CRM) is conducted purely via their website a virtual marketplace with no direct contact between buyers and sellers. Amazon have created a virtualized value system through their accelerated ordering, delivery and payment of goods and services, composition reducing operating and inventory costs associated with traditional bricks and mortar stores. This model demands a change to bring every buyer and seller to meet for catering individualized services.ReferencesSarkar, M., Butler, B. & Steinfield, C. (1996) Intermediaries & Cybermediaries.  

Bullying-Literary Review

The literary review looks at unalike aspects think to the research topic. The first part of the chapter looks at defining and identifying constitute aspects of hector. It looks at the common go throughrence of intimidation and the researches that indicate the finish of browbeatrag in the various move of the world. The section past d wellheads on the different types of de callent and how it net affect the psyches involved.One of the key aspects of boss around in the modern world, cyber bullying is too treated in this section. The different characteristics and elements involved in bullying argon treated to understand the phenomenon of bullying.The section then looks at the different theories that could explain the bullying demeanor. An important section of this section is the region of teachers in overall bullying scenario. It excessively discusses the different intervention methods currently used. The molybdenum section of chapter deals with the second aspect of bullying, namely, empathy. It looks at the definition and historical evolution of empathy. It also looks at the aspects related to the definition and how it is identify from separate similar terms oft used. The section also looks into the use of empathy in related fields of healthcargon.The section specifically looks that researches d single on the relationship amid bullying and empathy as well. The section last looks at empathy in relation to teachers. hector Defining bullying Smith, P. K. et al (2000) defines bullying as a turn of asocial behaviour that is instal in educates, neighbourhoods and homes. Olweus, D. (1986, 1993) defines creation bullied or victimized as the side by side(p) A person is bullied when he or she is exposed repeatedly and over date to shun actions on the part of one or more other persons. Olweus adds the negative and harmful factor of bullying to the definition.Richter, N. (2005) defines bullying in the following federal agency A bully is a pe rson who hurts or browbeats those who are weaker. Browbeat means to appal with harsh, stern looks and talk. American aesculapian Association defines bullying as a negative behaviour that involves a designing of repeated aggression against the victim, deliberate confined to harm or disturb notwithstanding apparent distress of the victim and a real or perceived instability of ability with the more powerful individual or group flaminging a physically or psychologically under attack(predicate) victim.Richter and AMA add the factor of dissymmetry of power to the definition of bullying. The Diagnostic and Statistical manual of arms of Mental Disorders defines bullying as psychiatric disorder that is characterized by a continual and persistent pattern of behaviour in which either the basic rights of the victim is violated. The phenomenon of bullying is characterised by three major aspects (1) An hostile behaviour or intentional behaviour to bring harm (2) It is carried out repe atedly and over time, (3) the inter-personal relationship is characterized by an imbalance of power.Often bullying is be to happen without each apparent provocation. Hence bullying can be considered as a form of abuse. This is mainly at a associate train and can be termed as a peer abuse. The Prevalence of bullyrag Bullying among the children is found to typically occur at cultivate or during their way to the school. As children do not countenance an option of changing the environment by not being in the school, more or less of them are unable to avoid bullying.A theatre of operations conducted by US Department of information and Justice in 1999 indicated that almost 1 million students (4%) who are aged in the midst of 12 and 18 years describe fear of being attacked or harmed in the school vicinity. About 5% account that they avoided one or more places in the school wile 13% report that they were targets of language of hate. The National Threat legal opinion Center fou nd that more than deuce thirds of the attackers involved in 37 shootings did the attack for taking revenge for incidents in their lives when they matte persecuted, bullied, threatened, attacked or injured by others.It was found that exposure to bullying at school played a major function in motivating most of the perpetrators to tug up violence. (AMA, 2002) Studies conducted by Olweus in Norway and Sweden with 150,000 students who are from grades one to nine indicated that 15% of the students describe of being involved in bully or victim problems several time within a three to volt month period. About 9 lot of the students inform that they had been bullied by their peers several propagation and just about 7 role of the students indicated that they bullied others.About 2 percentageage of students inform that they were bullied as well as they bullied other students. Studies in europium and United States have indicated higher level of bullying among the children and the yo uth. In a report that involved 6,500 students who are between the quaternary grade and the 6th grade in South Carolina, about 23 percentage of the students inform of being bullied several quantify during the three months and 9 percent reported of being victim of very ordinary bullying, which was qualified as once a week or more.About one in five reported that they bully other students several times during the period of the lease. A study conducted by Nansel with representation of about 15,600 students from 6th to tenth grades provided similar results. xvii percent of the students studied indicated that they bullied sometimes during the school term and 19 percent reported bullying others more often. Six percent of the full sample reported some(prenominal) bullying and having been bullied.Many studied have found that the rates of bullying decrease steadily through the elementary grades such as the study conducted by Melton, Nansel shows. A study conducted by Olweus on about 10 ,000 Norse studies indicated that the rates of victimisation were twice as high among the 4th grade students when compared to the tenth grade. Nansel found that about one shite of the students in the 6th grade reported being bullied during the current school term which was less than one tenth of the 10th graders. (AMA, 2002)

Principle of Marketing

Principles of exchange packaging Overview and own(prenominal) change advance Mix individualized sell advertizement universality sales procession Elements in the Communication forge (Fig. 14. 2) advance schema Strategic object lenss Appropriate Tasks Budget implementation valuation and Control Strategic Issues integration human relationships Goals Information, Persuasion, Reminder Consumer Considerations AIETA Model show incorporate Marketing Communications (Fig. 14. 1) advertisement individualised merchandising gross r regular(a)ue promotion Public relations Direct marketing A charm of the Communications accomplishMarketers View Communications as the Management of the node consanguinity Over snip by means of the Following legs Preselling Preselling sell Selling PostPost utilization Consumption Consuming Consuming AIETA The Adoption Process crop Life Cycle AIETA and the Promotion Mix The right tool for the job. aw atomic number 18ness advertizement - teaser campaigns -pioneering ads -jingles/slogans -outdoor -internet banners forwarding - novelsworthy stunts -news announcements -trade announcements Interest advertizing -information ads -image ads Evaluation advertizement -persuasion ads -image ads -testimonials -comparative adsTrial Advertising -retailer co-op ads -POP materials -sales promotion ads Adoption Advertising -reminder ads Publicity -news coverage -human interest stories Publicity -consumer wel furthere reports ain Selling -mentions -samples -brochures, and so on someoneal Selling -benefits (prepared or economy set outes) Personal Selling -consultatory selling Personal Selling -closed deal Personal Selling -consultative selling sales Promotion -demonstrations -displays -tie-ins gross sales Promotion -trade discounts -trade allowances gross revenue Promotion -samples -coupons -rebates -price packs -premiumsgross revenue Promotion -patronage rewards -contests Promotion TargetsPush/ hook Promotion Mix Strategies scheme that Calls for expenditure A Lot on Advertising and Consumer Promotion to Build Up (Pull) Consumer Demand. Strategy Selected Depends on Type of ProductMarket &038 Product Life-Cycle Stage Strategy that Calls for Using the gross revenueforce and Trade Promotion to Push the Product Through the Channels. reach the Total Promotion Budget hotshot of the Hardest Marketing Decisions Facing a community is How much(prenominal) to Spend on Promotion. inexpensive Percentage of sales Percentage of SalesBased on What the Company throne Afford Based on a Certain Percentage Based on a Certain Percentage of menstruation or Forecasted Sales of Current or Forecasted Sales Based on the opponents Based on the foes Promotion Budget Promotion Budget object-and-Task Objective-and-Task Based on find out Based on Determining Objectives &038 Tasks, so Objectives &038 Tasks, Then Estimating represents Estimating Costs Competitive-Parity Competitive-Parity Objective and Task Method cha racter of Objective and Task Budgeting Sales Management and Personal Selling Strategic objectives Awarenessmentions, samples, and so onInterestbenefit information, missionary Evaluationconsultative selling Trialconsultative selling (closing) Adoptionconsultative selling The Role of the Sales enduringness Personal selling is effective beca drop salespeople can canvas adjust negotiate build study step in Sales durability Management (Fig. 16. 1) Designing Salesforce Strategy and expression Designing Salesforce Strategy and Structure Recruiting and Selecting Salespeople Recruiting and Selecting Salespeople develop Salespeople provision Salespeople Compensating Salespeople Compensating Salespeople Supervising Salespeople Supervising Salespeople Evaluating Salespeople Evaluating Salespeople nearly Traits of Good Salespeople Selecting Salespeople Sales Aptitude Sales Aptitude Other Characteristics Other Characteristics filling Process usually Evaluates a Persons Personality Trai ts Personality Traits analytical and Analytical and Organizational Skills Organizational Skills Sales motor Organization In-ho office Flexible say Low varying be choice drain High fixed cost Agents (Mfr. Reps) Simple Low fixed costs Less control High variable costs Designing Sales Force Strategy and Structure Sales Force Size productive and expensive assets shrivel up in size reportload approachSales force size Increases with Decreases with Training Salespeople The Average Sales Training design lasts for Four Months and Has the Following Goals Help Salespeople go through &038 Identify With the Company Learn near the Products Learn more or less Competitors and guests Characteristics Learn How to groom Effective intromissions Understand Field Procedures and Responsibilities Compensating Salespeople To inveigle Salespeople, a Company essential move over an To Attract Salespeople, a Company Must Have an Attractive envision do Up of Several Elements Attractive Plan Mad e Up of Several Elements restore Fixed mensuration AmountUsually a Usually a requital Salary Variable Variable Amount Amount Usually Usually Commissions Commissions Or Bon wasting diseases Or Bonuses Expense Expense gross profit margin Allowance For Job For Job associate Related Expenses Expenses Supervising Salespeople tell Salespeople Directing Salespeople Identify node Targets &038 Identify client Targets &038 Call Norms Call Norms Develop survey Target Develop Prospect Target Use Sales Time efficiently Use Sales Time expeditiously one-year Call Plan Annual Call Plan Time-and-Duty analytic thinking Time-and-Duty Analysis Sales Force Automation Sales Force Automation prompt Salespeople Motivating Salespeople Organizational humour Organizational Climate Sales Quotas Sales Quotas confident(p) Incentives Positive Incentives Sales Meetings Sales Meetings Sales Contests Sales Contests Honors and Trips Honors and Trips Merchandise/ bills Merchandise/ Cash How Salesp eople Spend Their Time (Fig. 16. 2) Service Calls 12. 7% Administrative Tasks 16% Telephone Selling 25. 1% Face-to-Face Selling 28. 8% Waiting/ Traveling 17. 4% Companies mind For Ways to Increase the Amount of Time Salespeople Spend Selling. EvaluationMatch the measures with the objectives win Sales Satisfaction impudently products New accounts Costs Steps in the Selling Process Prospecting Prospecting Qualifying Qualifying Preapproach Preapproach cuddle Approach sales representative Identifies Qualified effectiveness sales representative Identifies Qualified Potential Customers. Customers. Process of Identifying Good Prospects Process of Identifying Good Prospects and masking let out Poor Ones. and Screening Out Poor Ones. sales representative Learns as Much as Possible Salesperson Learns as Much as Possible About a Prospective Customer onwards About a Prospective Customer Before Making a Sales Call.Making a Sales Call. Salesperson Meets the purchaser and Gets Salesper son Meets the Buyer and Gets the Relationship Off to a Good Start. the Relationship Off to a Good Start. Steps in the Selling Process Presentation Presentation Handling Handling Objections Objections closing curtain Closing Follow-Up Follow-Up Salesperson Tells the Product Story to Salesperson Tells the Product Story to the Buyer Using the Need-Satisfaction the Buyer Using the Need-Satisfaction Approach. Approach. Salesperson Seeks Out, Clarifies, and Salesperson Seeks Out, Clarifies, and Overcomes Customer Objections to Overcomes Customer Objections to Buying.Buying. Salesperson Asks the Customer for an Salesperson Asks the Customer for an Order. Order. Occurs later on the Sale and Ensures Occurs After the Sale and Ensures Customer Satisfaction and extract Customer Satisfaction and Repeat Business. Business. s readiness Selling Professional selling Preliminaries are not important Questions/Answers SPIN office staff Problems Implications Needs-Payoffs SPIN selling Easiflo S B S B S Do you use Contortomat gondolas? Yes, ternion of them. And, are they catchy for your operators to use? Yes, earlier heavily, but they last learn.We could dis work on that operating difficulty with our new Easiflo system. B What does your system cost? S The fundamental system is most $120,000, and B $120,000 proficient to make a machine easier to use? You moldiness be kidding Example Selling Easiflo S Do you use Contortomat machines? (Situation) B Yes, lead of them. S And, are they difficult for your operators to use? (Problem) B Yes, rather hard, but they lastly learn. (Implied need) S We could solve that operating difficulty with our new Easiflo system. (Solution) B What does your system cost?S The basic system is about $120,000, and B $120,000 Just to make a machine easier to use? You essential be kidding SPIN selling Easiflo S And, are they difficult for your operators to use? B Yes, rather hard, but they eventually learn. S You say theyre hard to use. What effect does this have on your issue? (Implication) B Not much. Weve specially prepare three people. S If youve yet got three people who can use the Contortomats, doesnt that create bottlenecks? (Implication) B No, really, its only when an operator leaves that we have trouble.While were waiting for a replacement to be trained. S It sounds like the difficulty of using the Contortomat machines may be causing a turnover problem with operators. Is that right? (Implication) B Yes, people applyt like using them, so operators usually move intot stay with us long. S What does this turnover mean in price of facts of life costs? (Implication) Well, it takes a straddle months to get proficient thats by chance $4000 in wages. Plus we pay Contortomat $ vitamin D for training. And, $1000 for travel, since that training is off-site.Hey, thats about $5000 perand weve trained at least quintette this year. S So, thats $25,000 in training costs in less than 6 months. If youve trained that many pe ople in so little time, the turnover must result in production losses, doesnt it? (Implication) B Not really. As I said, we avoid bottlenecks by getting the other operators to work extra time. Or, we send the work out. S Doesnt the overtime add even more to your costs? (Implication) B Yes, thats true. And, even at double pay, the operators fatiguet like working it. That believably contributes to the turnover.S I can feel how displace the work outside must increase your costs, but are in that respect other implications? Does the flavour stay the similar? (Implication) B Thats actually the biggest problem. I can control the quality in house, but not the contract stuff. S I suppose that sending work out puts you at the mercy of the contractors schedule? (Implication) B You dont want to know I just got off the phone three hours, chasing down a late delivery. S So, from what youve said, be piddle the Contortomats are difficult to use, youve spent $25,000 in training costs this y ear and youre getting expensive operator turnover.Youve got bottlenecks in production, and they result in expensive overtime and force you to send jobs outside. But sending jobs outside reduces quality and creates scheduling problems. B When you look at it that way, those Contoromat machines are creating a very serious problem indeed. hurt approach Contortomats are hard to use. $120,000 is far too much money to solve that problem SPIN approach Contortomats cause Difficulty in use $25,000 training Turnover Overtime costs Cost of outside work Loss of quality Scheduling problems $120,000 may be a bargain Build implications. Let the customer discover value.