The Acquisition Team

The Acquisition Team is an in shaping-based organization that is composed of more than specialists than in the traditional command-and-control organization. Members of an acquisition group consist of multi-organizational as intumesce as cross-functional, i. e. bugger offors, suppliers, acquisition professionals (Engelbeck, 2002). The focus of this paper is to present the educatees selection of a business opportunity offered by the Department of Energy and found at http//www. fbo. org/. This student leave alone analyse the circuit board and then reverse place the take note to create the ideal agencys acquisition team that could have prep atomic number 18d this solicitation.This student give as well as cite and t exclusivelyy the FAR provisions for the formation of the acquisition team, describe the nature and specifications of the couch, appoint every atomic number 18a of expertise needed on the acquisition team, use the Bodies of Knowledge diagram in Engelbeck, Chapte r 2, as a basis, and justify the affaire of each team instalment by describing his or her specific ploughshare to the solicitation/ request for proposal and later steps of the procurement surgical operation.Finally, the student allow describe the steps to follow and attend that the solicitation notice is drop off, clear, and accurate before submitting it for posting on the FedBizOpps. gov Website. FAR Provisions for the formation of the acquisition team. The dissemination of Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) in 1984 replicated the Congress blueprint to create a structure that was uniform for Executive Branch federal official contract. Prior to the introduction of the FAR, civilian agencies and the defence services had different and ego owned set of regulations.The FAR is codified at Title 48 of the Code of Federal Regulations. It consists of regulations and rules as articulated by the United States federal government that governs the procurement processes for the gover nment. The FAR contains the standardized procedures and policies for acquisitions by whatsoever and all federal government agencies. After the circulation of the FAR, the standardization goal was destabilized by the versatile agency-specific supplements (Vacketta, 1999).The FAR enforces the implementation of nearly every decision-making plan associate to procurement. It is also within the FAR mandate to accomplish every stage of the process of acquisition. FAR 1. 102 (d) stipulates that The function of every member of the Acquisition Team is to underwrite the exercise of individual initiative and effective business decision succession providing the best value product and service that meet the needs of the customers (Acquipedia, 2012). It however explains the scope and procedure of the acquisition team.This consists of the federal government team members accountable for consolidation tasks constraint and contracting negotiations including the requiring activity, the paying ag ent team, the contracting incumbent, financial management and others. Summary of the FAR Provisions for Acquisition Team luck Supply of te put Detector Summary of probability Opportunity is typically defined as the occasion and time that present friendly circumstance to attain precise goals. The details of opportunity place on http//www. fbo. org/ are as presented below a.Opportunity title / project arrangement Supply of Silicon Drift Detector b. Solicitation Number RC238923 c. billet Department of Energy d. Office Brookhaven internal Laboratory (DOE Contractor) e. Office Location Brookhaven f. uniform resource locator https//www. fbo. gov/? s=opportunity&type Amode=form&id=a95ff19f0cbf7a7448fbd5503527130b&tab=core&_cview=0 Nature and Specifications of the Project This is a short-term project in which a federal government dust requires the supply of Silicon Drift Detectors. The Contractor is ask to deliver 1 Silicon Drift Detector to the US Department of Energy. The project requires mulish pricing terms. The Silicon Drift Detector should be delivered within one hundred eighty days upon the signing of the contract at the Department of Energy office, Brookhaven theme Laboratory, Brookhaven. The timings are required to be identified by the COR Feb 01, 2013 1159 pm Eastern Provision 333 &8212 Machinery Manufacturing/333999 &8212 All Other Miscellaneous universal Purpose Machinery Manufacturing, many others as stipulated in AMS Form 010, rev. 5, should be considered for the full process involved in the solicitation and acquisition.Technical specifications of the Hitachi Vortex Silicon Drift Detectors are that it essential have a cylindrical Snout. The duration of the snout should be 638 millimetres. The detector essential be Ultra mellow Vacuum compatible with active detection area of not little than 500mm2. The unit must be usable indoor/outdoor with 12. 5 ?m window. The detector must operate with power supplies operating at 220-240 vo lts. Area of Expertise Required The bodies of knowledge, for this project consists of contracting, finance, engineering, logistics, legal, test and military rating and cost estimates as identified by Engelbeck (2002).The areas of expertise are as outlined below Contracting expertise provide be required since it will facilitate the selection process of a contractor or vendor of Silicon Drift Detectors. The expertise includes communication skills that will rear the process of dealing with the customer and the supplier. This will help develop swan among the acquisition team. The drafting of the contract will become easy recounting to the project priorities. Risk allocation will be easily identified in managing beforehand to coiffe the deal successful.Financial expertise will be required for the project in establishing the financing terms and budgets think to the project. This expertise will facilitate the valuation of the project for the valuable set to be considered for solicit ation. Engineering expertise will be required since it will facilitate the classification of technical stipulations required for the project at hand. References for at least three successfully-manufactured, assembled, tested and delivered single-element detectors with similar complexities as the quoted product must be provided.Logistics is a central part of the project since it specifies the items and timings for the project delivery. It will also facilitate the control of the inventory and related costs to be effective in controlling extra costs. Any project at a lower place FAR should be incorporated to the law governing the situation accordingly Legal considerations will be critical as the terms and conditions must be aligned to FAR. Test and evaluation are as all important(predicate) as any other consideration because failure to create standards for the project will consider it impossible to create effectiveness in the project. valuation is important to be considered as it w ill facilitate the future human body of actions. Cost estimates are critical as they present the bottom-line of project. All the financials related to this project are based on cost estimates. The cost estimates are an underlying factor to the evaluation of the quality standards. Involvement of Team Members Contemporary, the integration of team members is fundamental to acquire the quoted product with the required specifications to effectively complete the processes and projects on time. The contribution of each member in the team will create synergy.Their presence during the project will act as a positive energy for team success. The involvement of each team member is based on their area of expertise The end user is the unambiguous team member. In this case, the end user is the staff at the Brookhaven National Laboratory. The staffs represent the Department of Energy which offers valuable resource for the Silicon Drift Detectors being procured. The Program Manager will make sure that the result agreement meets the long- and short-range requirements of the projects mission and that the design plead the intended results.The contracting officers will make sure that all contract activities comply with relevant laws, regulations, executive orders, and other applicable measures including approvals and clearances. Financial managers will ensure the provision of information needed by the team to make decisions on the amount of money available. The legal counsel will ensure continuous provision of guidance related to legal compliance and interpreting of regulations and laws. All team members will provide necessary and continuous book throughout the project lifecycle.Steps for Solicitation Completion There are a number of steps that will be applied to make sure that the solicitation notice is clear, complete, and accurate prior to submission for posting on the FedBizOpps. gov Website. Prior to lastization of the draft solicitation, the officer in lade of contrac ting may issue a draft solicitation to view as questions and comments from a group of potential (but not eligible) candidates before releasing the final solicitation. This will help to better refine the solicitation and clarify any vagueness.Posting the draft solicitation will allow exchange with constancy in the form of questions, suggestions, corrections and comments that can improve the final solicitation. The contracting officer will also make a request for a review of the draft solicitation by the counsel and project officer in harmony with procedures prior to release. Upon review, the contracting officers should then seek and have the concluding approval from the agency leadership (Gouder, 2007).

Amazon in E-Commerce

Question 1 How has Amazon.com and their use of meshing changed the retail industry? Give examples.Answer 1Amazon.com has revolutionized the exchange and purchasing of e very last(predicate) products everywhere the internet. It started with selling books over the internet and progressed in selling some all consumer goods within a short span of time. Its engineering and feel principals coiffure incontestable that all the sundry(a) standard compliances are met and warrant for improving the system behavior for its customers.Customers stupefy now drawd from the brick and mortars vex, a traditional case for purchase of products, to the click and mortars model for ease of access, anytime anyplace access, take part in auctions and avail several promotion offers and gifts. The very perspective towards retail buying has been changed by Amazon.com. The virtual(prenominal) store opinion is quite likely followed by many retailers after the success of Amazon.com and they have cre ated a benchmark for its products and selling models define the very success over the extensive period since its inception.Question 2 Comparisons have been do by giant bookstore retailer Barnes & Nobles and Amazon.com. Barnes and Noble operate scores of bookstores in many local communities. Yet Amazon.coms reach goes anywhere and everywhere with the Web. What, in your opinion, should Barnes and Nobles do to compete with Amazon.com?Answer 2Barnes and Nobles essential identify the very future requirements for its physical bookstores and come up with click and mortars model for fetching the right customer focus and model. Identifying the competition or so and the changing outlook of the customers towards termination making for purchasing products is the greatest differentiator for change. The decision making for taking the fear of Barnes & Nobles over the internet would make sure that all the discordant present disadvantages would be capitalized upon.The bulls eye mark of Barnes & Nobles makes sure that every activity towards the envelopment of skyrocketing technologies would break out into a mammoth in promoting its success and growth. Only setting up the website is not enough. The representation model, sound engineering techniques, fictional character standards and affiliation techniques makes sure that its representation over the internet is strong and makes a presence rattling promising.Question 3 In order to more quickly visit and sustain its profitability should Amazon.com have remained a solely clicks based e-business (without warehouses) selling only books? Why or why not?Answer 3Amazons decision to cater to several products would definitely move its primary base of selling books to new(prenominal) products. This is a sort of erosion of its primary shuffling which it created for selling books. The very brand creation and sustenance for selling books online had created a larger market share for book selling. The various bookstor es at that time were in greater risk concerning their sales as Amazon grew in its market share for selling books. It was a brand which no one could deny. Its decision towards clicks business for selling other products over books makes sure that monopoly was broken to some extent and other small to mass medium sellers in the market found opportunity to make some business.These created a balanced view for existence in the grocery store allowing every property of sellers and customers to interact for good. Another reason for making the right move is for long term business continuity and spreading its wing to several other products which did not make it to the internet in that era. Amazons decision to be clicks based business must be changed into clicks and mortars business model for improving its supply chain by making it efficient and sound.The effective supply chain would cut down extra costs of expatriation and shipping and would in turn create trust for its safety and quality p olicies. Warehouses would make sure that timely delivery of products can be made at lesser costs, which otherwise would create a sense of be amiss and evolve privacy and security aspects to a larger scale.Question 4 How can Amazon.com complete Bezoss vision? What do they need to do to individualize their services to 25 million customers?Answer 4Amazon.com must fetch the customers according to their tastes and product liking. The following can be the various options that can be exercisedProvide a survey with questionnaires of what is important, how it can be best(p)ed, what else is desired and so on. The survey questions would serve quite helpful in fetching the right suggestion from its customers to in turn get them everything they desire.The sufferance of B2B and C2C model where various sellers and buyers can view for selling the products of their choice. This would help users to create according to their preferences so that more number of customers is fetched for purpose.The customer logs must be duly analyzed for fetching the right decision and data tap approaches to the vast data can be devised for getting the facts out for better customization of products and services.Request boxes and techniques must be presented so that in case a customer fails to find exactly what he desires, he can make a request for the new product. This would help to fetch the needs in micro detail for better capturing of the customer base.The above approaches would enhance Bezoss vision to cater to individual needs and demands.Amazon is a virtual reseller, one of the main new intermediaries (Sarkar, 1996.) They are an electronic-commerce only intermediary business and customer relationship management (CRM) is conducted purely via their website a virtual marketplace with no direct contact between buyers and sellers. Amazon have created a virtualized value system through their accelerated ordering, delivery and payment of goods and services, composition reducing operating and inventory costs associated with traditional bricks and mortar stores. This model demands a change to bring every buyer and seller to meet for catering individualized services.ReferencesSarkar, M., Butler, B. & Steinfield, C. (1996) Intermediaries & Cybermediaries.  

Bullying-Literary Review

The literary review looks at unalike aspects think to the research topic. The first part of the chapter looks at defining and identifying constitute aspects of hector. It looks at the common go throughrence of intimidation and the researches that indicate the finish of browbeatrag in the various move of the world. The section past d wellheads on the different types of de callent and how it net affect the psyches involved.One of the key aspects of boss around in the modern world, cyber bullying is too treated in this section. The different characteristics and elements involved in bullying argon treated to understand the phenomenon of bullying.The section then looks at the different theories that could explain the bullying demeanor. An important section of this section is the region of teachers in overall bullying scenario. It excessively discusses the different intervention methods currently used. The molybdenum section of chapter deals with the second aspect of bullying, namely, empathy. It looks at the definition and historical evolution of empathy. It also looks at the aspects related to the definition and how it is identify from separate similar terms oft used. The section also looks into the use of empathy in related fields of healthcargon.The section specifically looks that researches d single on the relationship amid bullying and empathy as well. The section last looks at empathy in relation to teachers. hector Defining bullying Smith, P. K. et al (2000) defines bullying as a turn of asocial behaviour that is instal in educates, neighbourhoods and homes. Olweus, D. (1986, 1993) defines creation bullied or victimized as the side by side(p) A person is bullied when he or she is exposed repeatedly and over date to shun actions on the part of one or more other persons. Olweus adds the negative and harmful factor of bullying to the definition.Richter, N. (2005) defines bullying in the following federal agency A bully is a pe rson who hurts or browbeats those who are weaker. Browbeat means to appal with harsh, stern looks and talk. American aesculapian Association defines bullying as a negative behaviour that involves a designing of repeated aggression against the victim, deliberate confined to harm or disturb notwithstanding apparent distress of the victim and a real or perceived instability of ability with the more powerful individual or group flaminging a physically or psychologically under attack(predicate) victim.Richter and AMA add the factor of dissymmetry of power to the definition of bullying. The Diagnostic and Statistical manual of arms of Mental Disorders defines bullying as psychiatric disorder that is characterized by a continual and persistent pattern of behaviour in which either the basic rights of the victim is violated. The phenomenon of bullying is characterised by three major aspects (1) An hostile behaviour or intentional behaviour to bring harm (2) It is carried out repe atedly and over time, (3) the inter-personal relationship is characterized by an imbalance of power.Often bullying is be to happen without each apparent provocation. Hence bullying can be considered as a form of abuse. This is mainly at a associate train and can be termed as a peer abuse. The Prevalence of bullyrag Bullying among the children is found to typically occur at cultivate or during their way to the school. As children do not countenance an option of changing the environment by not being in the school, more or less of them are unable to avoid bullying.A theatre of operations conducted by US Department of information and Justice in 1999 indicated that almost 1 million students (4%) who are aged in the midst of 12 and 18 years describe fear of being attacked or harmed in the school vicinity. About 5% account that they avoided one or more places in the school wile 13% report that they were targets of language of hate. The National Threat legal opinion Center fou nd that more than deuce thirds of the attackers involved in 37 shootings did the attack for taking revenge for incidents in their lives when they matte persecuted, bullied, threatened, attacked or injured by others.It was found that exposure to bullying at school played a major function in motivating most of the perpetrators to tug up violence. (AMA, 2002) Studies conducted by Olweus in Norway and Sweden with 150,000 students who are from grades one to nine indicated that 15% of the students describe of being involved in bully or victim problems several time within a three to volt month period. About 9 lot of the students inform that they had been bullied by their peers several propagation and just about 7 role of the students indicated that they bullied others.About 2 percentageage of students inform that they were bullied as well as they bullied other students. Studies in europium and United States have indicated higher level of bullying among the children and the yo uth. In a report that involved 6,500 students who are between the quaternary grade and the 6th grade in South Carolina, about 23 percentage of the students inform of being bullied several quantify during the three months and 9 percent reported of being victim of very ordinary bullying, which was qualified as once a week or more.About one in five reported that they bully other students several times during the period of the lease. A study conducted by Nansel with representation of about 15,600 students from 6th to tenth grades provided similar results. xvii percent of the students studied indicated that they bullied sometimes during the school term and 19 percent reported bullying others more often. Six percent of the full sample reported some(prenominal) bullying and having been bullied.Many studied have found that the rates of bullying decrease steadily through the elementary grades such as the study conducted by Melton, Nansel shows. A study conducted by Olweus on about 10 ,000 Norse studies indicated that the rates of victimisation were twice as high among the 4th grade students when compared to the tenth grade. Nansel found that about one shite of the students in the 6th grade reported being bullied during the current school term which was less than one tenth of the 10th graders. (AMA, 2002)

Principle of Marketing

Principles of exchange packaging Overview and own(prenominal) change advance Mix individualized sell advertizement universality sales procession Elements in the Communication forge (Fig. 14. 2) advance schema Strategic object lenss Appropriate Tasks Budget implementation valuation and Control Strategic Issues integration human relationships Goals Information, Persuasion, Reminder Consumer Considerations AIETA Model show incorporate Marketing Communications (Fig. 14. 1) advertisement individualised merchandising gross r regular(a)ue promotion Public relations Direct marketing A charm of the Communications accomplishMarketers View Communications as the Management of the node consanguinity Over snip by means of the Following legs Preselling Preselling sell Selling PostPost utilization Consumption Consuming Consuming AIETA The Adoption Process crop Life Cycle AIETA and the Promotion Mix The right tool for the job. aw atomic number 18ness advertizement - teaser campaigns -pioneering ads -jingles/slogans -outdoor -internet banners forwarding - novelsworthy stunts -news announcements -trade announcements Interest advertizing -information ads -image ads Evaluation advertizement -persuasion ads -image ads -testimonials -comparative adsTrial Advertising -retailer co-op ads -POP materials -sales promotion ads Adoption Advertising -reminder ads Publicity -news coverage -human interest stories Publicity -consumer wel furthere reports ain Selling -mentions -samples -brochures, and so on someoneal Selling -benefits (prepared or economy set outes) Personal Selling -consultatory selling Personal Selling -closed deal Personal Selling -consultative selling sales Promotion -demonstrations -displays -tie-ins gross sales Promotion -trade discounts -trade allowances gross revenue Promotion -samples -coupons -rebates -price packs -premiumsgross revenue Promotion -patronage rewards -contests Promotion TargetsPush/ hook Promotion Mix Strategies scheme that Calls for expenditure A Lot on Advertising and Consumer Promotion to Build Up (Pull) Consumer Demand. Strategy Selected Depends on Type of ProductMarket &038 Product Life-Cycle Stage Strategy that Calls for Using the gross revenueforce and Trade Promotion to Push the Product Through the Channels. reach the Total Promotion Budget hotshot of the Hardest Marketing Decisions Facing a community is How much(prenominal) to Spend on Promotion. inexpensive Percentage of sales Percentage of SalesBased on What the Company throne Afford Based on a Certain Percentage Based on a Certain Percentage of menstruation or Forecasted Sales of Current or Forecasted Sales Based on the opponents Based on the foes Promotion Budget Promotion Budget object-and-Task Objective-and-Task Based on find out Based on Determining Objectives &038 Tasks, so Objectives &038 Tasks, Then Estimating represents Estimating Costs Competitive-Parity Competitive-Parity Objective and Task Method cha racter of Objective and Task Budgeting Sales Management and Personal Selling Strategic objectives Awarenessmentions, samples, and so onInterestbenefit information, missionary Evaluationconsultative selling Trialconsultative selling (closing) Adoptionconsultative selling The Role of the Sales enduringness Personal selling is effective beca drop salespeople can canvas adjust negotiate build study step in Sales durability Management (Fig. 16. 1) Designing Salesforce Strategy and expression Designing Salesforce Strategy and Structure Recruiting and Selecting Salespeople Recruiting and Selecting Salespeople develop Salespeople provision Salespeople Compensating Salespeople Compensating Salespeople Supervising Salespeople Supervising Salespeople Evaluating Salespeople Evaluating Salespeople nearly Traits of Good Salespeople Selecting Salespeople Sales Aptitude Sales Aptitude Other Characteristics Other Characteristics filling Process usually Evaluates a Persons Personality Trai ts Personality Traits analytical and Analytical and Organizational Skills Organizational Skills Sales motor Organization In-ho office Flexible say Low varying be choice drain High fixed cost Agents (Mfr. Reps) Simple Low fixed costs Less control High variable costs Designing Sales Force Strategy and Structure Sales Force Size productive and expensive assets shrivel up in size reportload approachSales force size Increases with Decreases with Training Salespeople The Average Sales Training design lasts for Four Months and Has the Following Goals Help Salespeople go through &038 Identify With the Company Learn near the Products Learn more or less Competitors and guests Characteristics Learn How to groom Effective intromissions Understand Field Procedures and Responsibilities Compensating Salespeople To inveigle Salespeople, a Company essential move over an To Attract Salespeople, a Company Must Have an Attractive envision do Up of Several Elements Attractive Plan Mad e Up of Several Elements restore Fixed mensuration AmountUsually a Usually a requital Salary Variable Variable Amount Amount Usually Usually Commissions Commissions Or Bon wasting diseases Or Bonuses Expense Expense gross profit margin Allowance For Job For Job associate Related Expenses Expenses Supervising Salespeople tell Salespeople Directing Salespeople Identify node Targets &038 Identify client Targets &038 Call Norms Call Norms Develop survey Target Develop Prospect Target Use Sales Time efficiently Use Sales Time expeditiously one-year Call Plan Annual Call Plan Time-and-Duty analytic thinking Time-and-Duty Analysis Sales Force Automation Sales Force Automation prompt Salespeople Motivating Salespeople Organizational humour Organizational Climate Sales Quotas Sales Quotas confident(p) Incentives Positive Incentives Sales Meetings Sales Meetings Sales Contests Sales Contests Honors and Trips Honors and Trips Merchandise/ bills Merchandise/ Cash How Salesp eople Spend Their Time (Fig. 16. 2) Service Calls 12. 7% Administrative Tasks 16% Telephone Selling 25. 1% Face-to-Face Selling 28. 8% Waiting/ Traveling 17. 4% Companies mind For Ways to Increase the Amount of Time Salespeople Spend Selling. EvaluationMatch the measures with the objectives win Sales Satisfaction impudently products New accounts Costs Steps in the Selling Process Prospecting Prospecting Qualifying Qualifying Preapproach Preapproach cuddle Approach sales representative Identifies Qualified effectiveness sales representative Identifies Qualified Potential Customers. Customers. Process of Identifying Good Prospects Process of Identifying Good Prospects and masking let out Poor Ones. and Screening Out Poor Ones. sales representative Learns as Much as Possible Salesperson Learns as Much as Possible About a Prospective Customer onwards About a Prospective Customer Before Making a Sales Call.Making a Sales Call. Salesperson Meets the purchaser and Gets Salesper son Meets the Buyer and Gets the Relationship Off to a Good Start. the Relationship Off to a Good Start. Steps in the Selling Process Presentation Presentation Handling Handling Objections Objections closing curtain Closing Follow-Up Follow-Up Salesperson Tells the Product Story to Salesperson Tells the Product Story to the Buyer Using the Need-Satisfaction the Buyer Using the Need-Satisfaction Approach. Approach. Salesperson Seeks Out, Clarifies, and Salesperson Seeks Out, Clarifies, and Overcomes Customer Objections to Overcomes Customer Objections to Buying.Buying. Salesperson Asks the Customer for an Salesperson Asks the Customer for an Order. Order. Occurs later on the Sale and Ensures Occurs After the Sale and Ensures Customer Satisfaction and extract Customer Satisfaction and Repeat Business. Business. s readiness Selling Professional selling Preliminaries are not important Questions/Answers SPIN office staff Problems Implications Needs-Payoffs SPIN selling Easiflo S B S B S Do you use Contortomat gondolas? Yes, ternion of them. And, are they catchy for your operators to use? Yes, earlier heavily, but they last learn.We could dis work on that operating difficulty with our new Easiflo system. B What does your system cost? S The fundamental system is most $120,000, and B $120,000 proficient to make a machine easier to use? You moldiness be kidding Example Selling Easiflo S Do you use Contortomat machines? (Situation) B Yes, lead of them. S And, are they difficult for your operators to use? (Problem) B Yes, rather hard, but they lastly learn. (Implied need) S We could solve that operating difficulty with our new Easiflo system. (Solution) B What does your system cost?S The basic system is about $120,000, and B $120,000 Just to make a machine easier to use? You essential be kidding SPIN selling Easiflo S And, are they difficult for your operators to use? B Yes, rather hard, but they eventually learn. S You say theyre hard to use. What effect does this have on your issue? (Implication) B Not much. Weve specially prepare three people. S If youve yet got three people who can use the Contortomats, doesnt that create bottlenecks? (Implication) B No, really, its only when an operator leaves that we have trouble.While were waiting for a replacement to be trained. S It sounds like the difficulty of using the Contortomat machines may be causing a turnover problem with operators. Is that right? (Implication) B Yes, people applyt like using them, so operators usually move intot stay with us long. S What does this turnover mean in price of facts of life costs? (Implication) Well, it takes a straddle months to get proficient thats by chance $4000 in wages. Plus we pay Contortomat $ vitamin D for training. And, $1000 for travel, since that training is off-site.Hey, thats about $5000 perand weve trained at least quintette this year. S So, thats $25,000 in training costs in less than 6 months. If youve trained that many pe ople in so little time, the turnover must result in production losses, doesnt it? (Implication) B Not really. As I said, we avoid bottlenecks by getting the other operators to work extra time. Or, we send the work out. S Doesnt the overtime add even more to your costs? (Implication) B Yes, thats true. And, even at double pay, the operators fatiguet like working it. That believably contributes to the turnover.S I can feel how displace the work outside must increase your costs, but are in that respect other implications? Does the flavour stay the similar? (Implication) B Thats actually the biggest problem. I can control the quality in house, but not the contract stuff. S I suppose that sending work out puts you at the mercy of the contractors schedule? (Implication) B You dont want to know I just got off the phone three hours, chasing down a late delivery. S So, from what youve said, be piddle the Contortomats are difficult to use, youve spent $25,000 in training costs this y ear and youre getting expensive operator turnover.Youve got bottlenecks in production, and they result in expensive overtime and force you to send jobs outside. But sending jobs outside reduces quality and creates scheduling problems. B When you look at it that way, those Contoromat machines are creating a very serious problem indeed. hurt approach Contortomats are hard to use. $120,000 is far too much money to solve that problem SPIN approach Contortomats cause Difficulty in use $25,000 training Turnover Overtime costs Cost of outside work Loss of quality Scheduling problems $120,000 may be a bargain Build implications. Let the customer discover value.

Disadvantages fast food Essay

warm fodder is elegant controversial. It has several(prenominal) advantages equivalent saving season and money, but to a fault some drawbacks, near of them related with ones wellness condition. The popularity of solid nutrient is on the elevate in more(prenominal) and more countries of the world. numerous peck consider it a satisfied source of feed especiall(a)y ef seeery the fact that the modern man is constantly in a hurry. This guinea pig of sustenance is prep bed and served very spryly and it butt be excellent for busy bulk or for single persons who turn int f eradicateure season or inclination to cook. stock-still though it certainly comes with a bunch of advantages, in that location be overly disadvantages of ready forage which need to be considered c arfully. Undoubtedly, the main advantage of abstain provender is the fact that it saves time. Home cooked repasts dont lone(prenominal) require the actual time for preparing the pabulum, bu t as well time washed-out shopping and washout the dishes.Such problems just now dont exist when sledding for straightaway nutrition. This is as well as an excellent superior for wad who dont equal or dont pick out to cook or for single people who dont feel standardised homework for one. Fast nutrition is by all odds cheaper, especially for people who live on their own. When cooking for a single person, you nearly always end up with more forage than necessary. Fast regimen on the other hand comes at a lower price than collection plate cooked repasts. Even though the main disadvantages of close victuals argon wellness related, people on a diet foundation also find good options in the notice of intimately quick viands chains. in that respect ar salads to choose from and whole pale yellow breads. Some fried products also have turn alternatives. When it comes to drinks, one nooky cross the sugar-coated ones and go for fresh juices or low fat milk. Fortun ately, libertine feed is not very well-off in desserts, so there is no temptation. large tote up can also customize their magnitudes and close un healthy ingredients same(p) mayonnaise for instance.Fast victuals opponents argue that there argon many disadvantages of profligate provender for the health condition of the consumer. This type of regimen is richer in flavour, fats, oils and artificial substances than home cooked meals. This increases the risk of growth cardiovascular diseases. Unfortunately, corpulency is on the evidence and it is strongly connected with the popularity of spry food. art object the body unimpeachably needs salt and fats, the amount of these ingredients in fast food is too high. Additionally, the cooking method of fast food usually implies frying which destroys near nutrients. The obstinate forces of the fats, sugars, chemicals and salt in fast food are definitely enhanced by a  inactive life-style. In most of the cases the peo ple who eat lots of calories from fast food dont burn these calories be scram they dont exercise enough.The result is that the extra calories translate in fat and take in to corpulency. Disadvantages of fast food are not only related with the health condition. If fast food is cheaper for a single person, things c lighte when an perfect family consumes such food regularly. Enemies of fast food also come up with the heel overing that take in ready to serve food reduces the quality time that a family can expend together cooking and eating. fiat and eating in a fast food eating house is very quick and people dont frivol away the time to enjoy food and to blurt out duration eating.While there are undeniable benefits of fast food, there are also aspects which should worry regular consumers. As always, moderation is needed in overpowering this type of food. Occasional visits at a fast food restaurant are not as harmful, especially if they are combined with plenty of physical activity. However, a sedentary lifestyle and constant pulmonary tuberculosis of fast food can lead to health problems.More than 13,000 McDonalds restaurants in the United States itself, and over 8000 KFCs in 80 countries, only goes to reflect the popularity of fast food all over the world. Food that is watchful and served quickly is termed as fast food. Such type of food suits dead into the fast paced life of a operative individual. There is nothing more than ready-made food that a hard-working professional breathing in the city away from family could ask for. However, those who are against fast food foreground the adverse effect that it has on our health. in spite of all the debate about the advantages and disadvantages that fast food has, the industry is flourishing. Is fast food good or bad? The most evident advantage of fast food is that it saves time.In to sidereal days fast-paced life, there is nothing better than acquiring a ready meal. No look how much the chefs p raise the benefits of fresh food, at the end of a hard-working day, when one returns home all tired and hungry, a pizza or a burger can be godsend. Besides the time an individual has to throw in the kitchen, cooking a meal also requires one to make a trip to the supermarket to buy the ingredients for the dish. Then there is the added effort and time consumed in washing and peeling the vegetables. All this makes eating fast food score more earlier over cooking a meal for a busy individual. Besides time, terms saving gives fast food an run into over the meal prepared in the kitchen. If one lives alone, then it is cheaper to buy a meal at the supermarket instead of cooking it at home. Also certain fast foods like fries and burgers come moderately cheap. Fast food does raise health concerns. However, if careful, you can find some options on the add-in of a fast food restaurant that could be healthier.Salads are a smart choice. Go for bread products that are made from wheat bre ad. Opt for lean meat. If you could choose between the fried and boiled options, order the boiled preparation. Avoid ordering carbonic drinks when you are thirsty. Go for growth juices, low-fat milk, diet soda. Is there anything better than barren water to quench your thirst? These days, nutrition information of the food served (and ingredients utilize) is dis pushovered in the menu card. You could always resort to the make to order option that certain fast food outlets offer, where you could restrict the use of ingredients that are not healthy. As dessert does not play an important role in the fast food meal menu, you can animation yourself away from delicious and tempting sugary dishes. Usually, fast food is higher(prenominal)(prenominal) in soya, fat, sugar, oil, fried meat, salt, cheese, mayonnaise and obviously calories.The superlative disadvantage of fast food is the adverse effect that it has on ones health. It is a fact that fast food is more unhealthy than home-cooked meals, as it contains higher amounts of unwanted nutrients like salt, fat and heterogeneous types of additives (artificial chemicals). It may contain harmful bacteria too. Frying destroys most of the essential nutrients from the food. very small amounts of vegetables and fruits are normally founder in fast food. Moreover, serving bigger portions when most people dont need extra portions has led to some(prenominal) health problems. We require a small amount of salt to maintain the health of the cells and tissues. Fast food world rich in salt, adversely affects the heart health and the overall health of an individual.Such type of food is an important contributor to obesity in the American population. Obesity is on the rise, and a direct link is cosmos cited between fast food and obesity in children. Given the sedentary lifestyle that we lead today, the excess fats and calories that we take in with fast food is not used up completely. The result is that these accumulate in our body as fat deposits that cause complications like cardiovascular diseases and other related diseases of the heart. With obesity come other problems like high blood pressure and diseases of the pronounces. It is like a chain reaction point off by fast food and carried forward by our unhealthy lifestyle. In fact, a recent study has shown that people who live within walking outer space of a fast food restaurant are at 13% higher risk of suffering from strokes than those who live a considerable distance away.The greater the number of people at a meal in a fast food restaurant, the larger is the bill. Eating at fast food outlets is economical only for a single person. Going out to a fast food eating joint with family once in a while wont matter much. However, universal visits to such restaurants with ones family can become quite an expensive affair, besides being unhealthy. Fast foods joints are also being seen as a divisor that is making a number of families spend less and le ss time together. Family meal time is something that is considered as an opportunity for all the members to come together and share their experiences.However, the fast food pump is quickly eating into this quality time. This is especially true about youngsters for whom a fast food centre is a good place to hang out with friends and peers. Fast food is an designing of the modern times. Ready-made food being served fast and right in front of us is like a saving grace after a hard days work. However, like everything, it has its own pros and cons. Citing a few points about the advantages of fast food does not mean that I am denying its drawbacks. It is a fact that high amounts of fats and salt in fast food are raising concerns about their adverse effect on health. However, by making some smart choices while placing the order and also resorting to an active lifestyle, we can definitely minimize the drawbacks of fast food.

How and Why Is the Grotesque Used in Tennessee Williams’ a Streetcar Named Desire Essay

by dint ofout this semester, we were introduced to varying degrees of literary fashions and themes. From the epiphanies discovered finished Ameri tolerate Realism, to the skepticism explored d atomic number 53 literary Modernism, to the fightings of social conformity and individualism approached by a Post-Modernistic America and its writers. We move up had the nifty opportunity of cosmos exposed to individuals who questi nonp atomic number 18ild and pushed the jump offaries of creativeness and expression. Tennessee Williams was an author and unravelwright who balanced the enigmatic, macabre, and often cruel disintegration of his casefuls with a poetical grace.He became the keystone of a style that is kn aver as sulfurern Gothic. A aerial tram delegacy Named Desire became the quintessential formulation of the tremendous done the unraveling of the Old South. More specific each(prenominal)y, his themes on the conflict amongst the sensitive, non-conformist individu al against conventional society, the disintegration of the gray woman, and the divergence in the midst of southern gentiles and northerly brutality to which all told of Williams char spellers contributed to in almost degree.The grievous style of literature supplies the contributor with a historical as sum up up as social perspective. This provides a metaphoric reference to the dying South and the agitate to exist against the progressive i get aways of the North, all the while, pregnant with trying to keep the southerly individuation and dignity int tour. It is evoked that A parking grant description (of the grotesque) has to do with causation Confederate grotesque is often said to be the literary aftermath of historical chance. (Presley 37).If we arrive into account the surrounding setting of the play, a two-story corner building on a street in fresh siege of Orleans which is named Elysian palm and runs amidst the L & N tracks and the river (Elysian Fields is a New Orleans street at the northerly tip of the French Quarter, amidst the Louisville & Nashville railroad tracks and the disseminated multiple sclerosis River. In Greek mythology the Elysian Fields ar the abode of the b littleed in the after feeling. ) The section is poor but, un manage match sections in other Ameri heavy deal cities, it has a raffish enrapture (Klinkowitz & Wallace 2187), the endorser is thrust into the ensuing chaos in the lead any of the characters be even introduced. Williams was truly particular c overleaply each particular proposition with regards to the style in which he was writing. The dramatic play is not nevertheless a pass of the surroundings, but is a symbiotic passage of the daily lives that exist at bottom the grotesque. The disorders are threef gray-headed narcissism, familial conflict, and dream- kindred confusion (Presley 37).The southerly Gothic, grotesque style of writing can best be characterized by the gruelling ability of an author to evoke feelings of horror while contrarily evoking feelings of compassion among his/her hearing as healthful as amongst the characters inside the dissemble. These emotions are presented and contained within, what seems to be, a woolly individual. This character whitethorn also boast traits of incontinence referable to physical or mental incapability. Literature of the grotesque, according to the authoress, is marvellous by a moral or theological vision not commonly associated with realistic works.Freaks appear in her fiction, she said, to glow quite simply what man is like without God (Presley 38). In keeping with the grotesque, Williams A Streetcar Named Desire stretched the boundaries of this theme through the representation of the disintegration of the southern woman. By exploring the torrid longing of his character, Blanche Dubois, and her desires and fears. Grotesque writers are faced with the military man beingsly concern that they live in an age w hose distortions function as indicators of how far man has drifted from his true image as a creature of God.In this vein, Williams explores the turpitude of mankind, along with its difficulties in reconciling its primal nature with the rules of society Blanches charm and beauty is overridden by her alcoholism, nymphomania, and general drunken reveler (Presley, 1). Blanche DuBois provided the extreme case of what it is like to omit your egotism. Blanche was Deceptive, dishonest, fraudulent, permanently flawed, ineffective to face reality, Blanche is for all that thoroughly capable of commanding reference compassion, for her struggle and the crushing defeat she endures postulate the magnitude of tragedy.The inevitability of her doom, her refusal to back mass in the face of it, and the essential gentleman of the forces that drive her to it are the very fondness of tragedy, No matter what evil she may have done, nor what villainies practiced, she is a human being trapped by t he fates, making a human fight to escape and to populate with some shred of human dignity, in full recognition of her own dim human weaknesses and increasing absence of trust (Crandell 93). The obscure relevance to her deceptions are only a portion of why Blanche represents the grotesque.Her extremity to deposit to the old southern ways (with a devastation grip) allows her to cling to her own sanity. She exudes narcissism to the fullest extent, but is unable to see the damage that it is causing to herself and the sight around her. In the very firstborn scene, Blanche describes the acquittance of Belle Reve. She goes on to embellish the loss as a personal relegate with death, to which she is the only check to and the only effected party I, I, I, took the blows in my face and my eubstance All of those deaths The long parade to the necropolis Father, mother Margaret, that dreadful waySo big with it, it couldnt be put in a coffin only when I had to be burned like rubbish. And, oh, what gorgeous boxes they packed them out(predicate) in Unless you were in that location at the get it on when they cried out, Hold me youd never suspicious there was the struggle for breath and bleeding. You didnt dream, but I saw see Saw. (Williams 2193). This description was a give out cry for compassion or an endeavour to restore the relationship with Stella, but through a premeditated state of self preservation. The grotesque narcissism with which she approaches the loss of the demesne and their relatives only happened to her.It is this over dramatic intelligence that reinforces the authors emphasis on the southern Gothic or grotesque style likely throughout his play. The end of the loss of Belle Reve, her husbands suicide, and, later, her shift from her job, could have contributed to her current state. But it in the end, she chose not to face her demons, she opted to hide fag end the ruse of entitlement associated with old southern golf-club that pr oved to be her ultimate demise. If there is any character in late dramatic literature whose identity is bound up in such fantasies and sees erself as unique, special and entitled, it is Blanche DuBois, whose very name conjures up images of French, chivalric romances.Further more than than, it is clear that she identifies with the role of the southern Belle and, in fact, retreats to memories of herself as gray Belle when confronted with death and trauma. Ironically, from Blanches point of view, although the Confederate Belle is essentially superior, she is also, simultaneously, a vulnerable, even fragile figure, in emergency of constant attention and care, aquiline on others. (Ribkoff & Tyndall 327). The reason why the grotesque is so important to the come devour of the Southern woman, and this particular character, is because there is this actualization that there are no felicitous endings. Blanche is happy to wallow in her own self destructions and with this she is l ibel to hire down everyone within her distinct vicinity. Blanches character is deprived of the one thing that she longs for which is love and by reaching for the facade of the Southern Belle, she does more damage because she is the complete antithesis of the Southern Belle. in that location is also a solidifying of symbolism associated with Blanches decline. Throughout her hapless time at her infants apartment, it is evident that she was taking a lot of baths through the progression of the story. As more information gets divulged about what really happened in her past, it is almost as if she is trying to offer that she is a Southern Belle. She is trying to convince herself that she is still clean or that she can wash away her past through her frequent bathing. There is also the give up of animated.Blanche does her best to conceal herself from the light of reality by placing paper lanterns over lamps to lead the light So, too, in A Streetcar Named Desire, Blanche is descri bed (in the same stage focus ) as both attracted to and repulsed by light. On the one hand, she is described as moth-like in appearance. Comparable to the moth, she is strangely attracted to that which has the power to land her. On the other hand, her delicate beauty must avoid a fortified light.To avoid it, she dresses naked light bulbs in paper lanterns, and when she goes out, with Mitch for example, it is always at night. (Crandall 95). This pertains to her willingness to escape reality and is yet some other way that Williams exhibits the grotesque through his writing. In further examination of Blanche, her dependency on men is another portrayal of the grotesque. She is eer looking for and acquiring the affections of men and seems to viands upon the generous nature of Mitch, Stanleys friend. present we see the grotesque outlined in the form of fe priapic dependence on the male figures in their lives. At one point, Blanche rejects the union of her sister with that of the ab usive Stanley Kowalski. She fantasizes about an alternative animation with the financial shop from Shep Huntleigh, but this still emphasizes a need for the support to exist from a male figure. level though this wouldnt be a stable situation for Stella, this would guiltless her from her dependency on Stanley.This reiterates the progression from the old to the new south, but isnt a source of stability for Stella. She still postulate to rely on Stanley and in doing so we see the indignity of the human spirit due to sacrifice. It is also a theme of Williams that the removal of the simply country life, and into the throngs of a sprightly city, create the setting for the grotesque situations that these characters call up themselves in. Williams thought that in moving away from the country life, we are separating ourselves further from the life that God had intended us to live.There is a quiet simplicity that is associated with works the land in the country and in moving to the tra ppings of a thumping city, there is room for trouble. This is also apparent through the loss of Belle Reve. When Blanche falls into misfortune and loses the house, she is forced into a life of less prestige and honor. She loses her job as a teacher due to moral discrepancies, she is called on at the hotel that she is staying at by many a(prenominal) men, and she is forced to move in with her sister in New Orleans.This transition represents a removal of all that is decent and good with humanity and confines us to the fix quarters of a city where we lose ourselves. Stanley Kowalskis character impresses upon the reader an animalistic quality that can only be implied to represent the conflict of the divergence between southern gentiles and northern brutality. As much as Blanche is the representative of dreams, Stanley is the emissary of everyday reality. His Napoleonic Code and the State of atomic number 57 are the realistic counterparts to Blanches more ephemeral Belle Reve.Whereas Blanche values civilization and its refinements-art, poetry, and music-Stanley indulges in more primitive pleasures-eating (bringing home warmheartedness from the kill) drinking, to the point of intoxication and sleeping with women. He knows what his pleasures are and indulges them, often to excess. He enjoys life to the fullest-be comfortable is his motto. In his drunken paroxysms, he easily forgets himself, and becomes one with his buddies. He is, for the most part, spontaneous and unaffected (Crandall 97).In the orgasm of the play, we bear witness to Stanleys submission to the atavistic urges and northern brutality by the violation of Blanche. As the story progresses, Mitch (Stanleys friend) exhibits how the loss of the Southern Gentile adds to the grotesque setting with which all of the characters exist in. At the end of the play, we are made aware that Blanche is being perpetrate to an insane asylum. As the Doctor starts to take Blanche away, Mitch had an opportunity to i ntervene, but he didnt.He felt a great deal of sympathy for Blanche, but chose to not act on those feelings and instead Blanche is committed. The reason that this is such an important example of the loss of the Southern gentile was because he had the opportunity to act and didnt step up to correspond Blanche. Southern gentiles are all about honor and dignity. With the loss of these important qualities within him, he has just let Blanche move over to the darkness that has shrouded her since she arrived at Stellas apartment.Even though Blanche didnt see the grinder within Mitch, they had a bond between them. They were both looking for love and for soulfulness to take care of them. With him not attack to her rescue, the true Mitch is presented-a person who is devoid of the valorousness that Blanche so desperately needed. On the conflict between the sensitive, non-conformist individual against conventional society, we have to re-examine Blanche Dubois. From the beginning of the pl ay, we are well aware of Blanches sensitive, non-conformist characteristics.She is someone who was unwilled to uphold he civilities that should exist within each person. In her having tarnishing relations with a pupil of hers, she sacrifices the only thing that she had left- her dignity. up to now defensive Blanche becomes, from the bite she enters the stage until the moment she leaves it, she is in search of direction and empathy or kindness of others in order to work through the traumas of the past and present. Ultimately, this search for ground is he main reason she comes to New Orleans and not simply for a place to stay (Ribkoff & Tyndall 327).The climax of the grotesque within this play seems to come as a result of Blanches sensitive, non-conformist attitude towards life. Her inability to accept tariff for her current situation is the catalyst to the way that Stanley shows no tolerance for her. Stanleys brutalities, along with his intolerance for Blanches current state of mind, clash to create the ultimately grotesque act of rape later in the play. Many critics believe Stanleys rape of Blanche precipitates her autumn into madness.According to Mary Ann Corrigan, this descent is part of the overall trajectory of the play in each of the plays 11 scenes Blanche moves inexorably closer to the disintegration of her mind and the summarise rejection of reality (Humanit 334). After the disintegration of the world that Williams created in A Streetcar Named Desire, we are left with the overwhelming themes of the struggle for human affection, dignity, and resolve. Through this in-depth dissection of the characters, plot, and settings, emerge the themes that exemplify the Southern Gothic/grotesque style of writing.

John Dewey Habits and Will

Would Deweys advice for correcting a wild raiment body of blend for you? How would you go about re processing one of your wonts? fit in to John Dewey, Habits are inevitable. We are authorise by both close and severity habits. In his stinkervass, Habits and Will, Dewey states that we envision crappy habits as much(prenominal) comprises of foolish idling, gambling, dep breakance to liquor and drugs, and we associate good habits with skills such as walking, playing a melodic instrument, and typing. We see good-for-naught habits as go fors and good habits as abilities that exist far from our unbidden desires.Bad habits are not deliberately create and are also hard to break. Dewey explains that lead situation alone is not complete one must follow a specific method to turn habits around. I tonus that I, someone who tends to spring up distrait easily and procrastinate, should benefit from Deweys habit-breaking method. Dewey writes that a friend of his remarked that there was a fanaticism among persons that believe that if one is told what to do, if the right end is pointed to them, all that is required in put up to bring about the right act is go forth or wish on the part of the one who is to act.According to them, if a small-arm who slouches is told to stand up straight, all that is pauperismed is an effort by him, and the business is fixed. Deweys main argument in his essay is that this method does not earn. Instead, he suggests that in order to fix or let on our bad habits we must replace them with some other habit that is of goodness you must hold back more than than solely testament agency to defy a habit. I animadvert that I can benefit from Deweys method and start a novel habit to break my habit of procrastinating.Every day, I feel that I am easily and frequently distracted when doing school effect, which causes me to procrastinate. Every day, I try to break this habit and am unsuccessful. Sitting and thinking dont get distracted does not hold because in doing so, I get distracted by thinking about not acquire distracted, instead of actually working. My problem is not struggling to sit big bucks and draw off my homework out. My problem is getting distracted frequently and taking al carriages to make progress- especially when I kip down I put up cartridge holder to spare.When time is running out, I tend to work much more efficiently. My bad habits of getting distracted and procrastinating counteract my good habit of taking out my homework as soon as possible. I am well aware of my habits, and know that I would feel little stressed if I could correct them. Also, every day, I have to listen to my parents testify me constantly to advance up my work and get to bed, when I obviously want to do proficient that, merely cannot. If I use Deweys method, I need to create a flank movement that forget form a good habit which will aid me in breaking my bad habits.These flank movements that Dewey s peaks of are some perform that prevents the bad habit and leads you in the room of something else. Instead of solely relying on willpower alone, I could think of a way to make my ego concentrate better and feel an urge to get my work through with(p) as soon as possible. mavin idea I thought of is ever-changing my environment, and instead of sitting at my desk to work, I can move somewhere else, less distracting, such as the library. If I work there, I will feel more rushed and obliged to work efficiently.I will set a goal to get a certain amount of work completed during my time at the library. I do not want to and cannot clear all afternoon and evening at the library, so and I will desire to get my work do speedily, and I will work as if it was belatedly at night. In Habits and Will, John Dewey says, A habit makes us do things we are ashamed of, things which we tell ourselves we prefer not to do. He elaborates on the fact that we are our habit. Dewey forces us to conciliat e that our bad habit is a natural part of our self.He insists that a bad habit cant be bounce back by will alone. We need to provide the bad habit and find an flip-flop legal action (a flank movement) that can pull up us and that we can snap on. He repeats that a bad habit cant be overcome by will alone, contrary to popular belief, scarcely only by picking up a flank movement. So in order for me to abolish my procrastination, or at least minimize it, I need to find an act that is different from my universal routine. I have to make the intent of this new action my new goal, and focus on reaching it.If I do not, I will continue to do the same thing over and over again, like I have done for years. All habits are demands for certain kinds of activity and they constitute the self. Our self is the interpenetration of will and desire and habit and action. Our selfhood isnt what we think, but what we do the way we act. we never call back to become an alcoholic or habituate to c igarettes. These habits come from a weakness deep down us all. We are too self loved and too stubborn to front facts which leads us to the excuses of somehow and evil power has overcome our certain abilities.Thirdly, he believes that bad habits are created from our feeling of a neglect of purpose and the desires that come shortly after in attempt for immediate solutions. It would take a experience in tone that enables something purposeful about us to sincerely appreciate the importance of ridding of the bad. http//www. alexandercenter. com/jd/johndeweyhabits. html http//www. nashvillegreatbooks. com/2009/11/john-dewey-habit-and-will. html http//www. ljhammond. com/phlit/2005-11c. htm